Ecological, genetic and geographical divergence explain differences in sunbird (Nectariniidae) colouration

Bird plumages are among the most elaborate ornaments, displaying almost all colours of the rainbow. Why and how birds are so colourful remains an open question with multiple and sometimes competing hypotheses. Different colours in different patches might have different functions and thus result from different forms of selection (e.g., natural vs. sexual selection). Here we test three hypotheses that might explain colour differences: (1) species isolation, (2) light environment, and (3) Brownian motion. We show that both natural and sexual selection affect the evolution of sunbird colouration, but that their extent and direction differs between sexes, by species interactions, and for different patches across the body. Even though overlap in the light environment explains part of colour differences in species, no colour metric (brightness and chroma) correlates to the light environment. It is likely that these results, where multiple forms of selection influence colouration in different w..., , , # Ecological, genetic and geographical divergence explain differences in sunbird (Nectariniidae) colouration

This dataset comprises the following files:

1. An R file called coldist_vs_sympatry_final.R calculates how colour divergences relate to allopatry/sympatry, ecological overlap and genetic distances.
* This file requires an:
*  input tree (beautifile_v3_uncorrelated_MCC) (see below)
* input file distances3 which contains species names (sp1/2), the degree of overlap, whether or not they are sympatric and then colour distances for CR, MA, TH, BA, BD, and BE (all in JND units), as well as genetic distances (in my), NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) overlap and minimal distances between distributions (in km).
2. Two R files called habitat_type, which look at the relationship between colour metrics and NDVI and this for female (dataset called habitat_type_F2) and male colours (dataset called habitat_type2).
* This file requires an:
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鸟类羽饰堪称最为精妙的装饰之一，可展现出彩虹中几乎所有色彩。鸟类何以拥有如此丰富的色彩，仍是一个存在多种乃至相互抵触假说的开放性问题。不同身体区域的色彩或许承担着不同功能，因而由不同形式的选择压力（如自然选择与性选择）塑造。本研究针对三种可解释色彩差异的假说展开检验：(1) 物种隔离假说；(2) 光照环境假说；(3) 布朗运动假说。研究结果表明，自然选择与性选择均会影响太阳鸟体色的演化，但二者的作用范围与方向会因性别、物种间相互作用以及身体不同区域而有所差异。尽管光照环境的重叠能够部分解释物种间的色彩差异，但并未发现任何色彩指标（亮度与色度）与光照环境存在相关性。上述结果表明，多种选择形式会以不同方式影响……# 生态、遗传与地理分化解释太阳鸟（Nectariniidae，太阳鸟科）体色差异

本数据集包含以下文件：
1. 一份名为 coldist_vs_sympatry_final.R 的R脚本，用于计算色彩分化与异域分布/同域分布、生态位重叠度以及遗传距离之间的关联。
* 该脚本所需输入文件包括：
* 输入系统发育树（beautifile_v3_uncorrelated_MCC，详见下文）
* 输入文件 distances3，其中包含物种名称（sp1/sp2）、生态位重叠程度、是否为同域分布物种，以及CR、MA、TH、BA、BD、BE六个区域的色彩距离（单位为JND，Just Noticeable Difference），同时还包含遗传距离（单位为my）、归一化差异植被指数（Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI）重叠度以及分布区间的最小地理距离（单位为km）。
2. 两份名为 habitat_type 的R脚本，分别针对雌性体色（数据集命名为 habitat_type_F2）与雄性体色（数据集命名为 habitat_type2），分析色彩指标与NDVI之间的关联。
* 该脚本所需输入文件为：……