Dataset Forest@Risk

This report documents the collection of forest disturbance datasets for the Forest@Risk project. Here a brief description of the project: <em>European forests provide a set of fundamental services that contribute to climate mitigation and human well-being. On the other hand, forests are vulnerable systems because the long life-span of trees limits the possibility of a rapid adaptation to drastic environmental changes. Climate-driven hazards on forests, such as drought, wildfire and insect outbreaks, are expected to rise drastically in view of global warming. As a result, key forest services, such as carbon sequestration and supply of wood products, could be seriously affected in the near future. Despite the relevance and urgency of the issue, little is known about the upcoming risks of multiple climate-related hazards on European forests. To fill this knowledge gap we aim to investigate the evolution of forest disturbances under various climate scenarios. For this scope we will model the long-term changes in species composition, whereas forest vulnerability will be assessed with satellite observations and records of disturbances. The integration of these elements will produce a range of plausible risk estimates to support the definition of effective adaptation strategies, with the goal of increasing the resilience and long-term stability of these fundamental elements of the European landscape. </em> In order to investigate the vulnerability of forest to climate change, we have collected data of forest disturbances that occurred in Europe and US over the 2000-2017 period. The areas of interests are: 1) US, and 2) Europe. The US are included in the study because the abundance of data of forest disturbance due to insect outbreaks compared to EU. The number of EU records is abysmal compared to the US. The period of study is 2000 – 2017. In this way we can merge forest disturbance information with remote sensing imagery. From 2000 onwards there are systematic satellite acquisitions over Europe and US, whereas before the data availability (in terms of both spatial and temporal resolution) does not allow an accurate study of forest disturbance dynamics. The forest disturbance dataset consists <strong>in 3 different archives</strong>: 1) USDA (forest disturbance across US) 2) EFFIS (European forest fires) 3) WIND (European windthrown dataset) and <strong>ancillary information</strong> from: 1) ESA Globcover (land cover) 2) Vegetation Optical Depth (VOD, a proxy for biomass) 3) Hansen maps of deforestation 4) Koppen Geiger Climate Classification 5) Biomass data 6) Leaf Area Index (LAI) from satellite Other relevant documents are in the annex folder. <br>本报告记录了Forest@Risk项目的森林扰动数据集采集工作。以下是该项目的简要介绍：<em>欧洲森林提供一系列助力气候减缓与人类福祉的基础生态服务。森林同时也是脆弱的生态系统：树木漫长的生命周期限制了其对剧烈环境变化的快速适应能力。受全球变暖影响，干旱、野火、虫害暴发等气候驱动的森林灾害预计将大幅增加。届时，碳固存、木材供应等核心森林服务功能或将在不久的未来受到严重冲击。尽管该问题事关重大且迫在眉睫，但目前学界对欧洲森林面临的多类气候相关灾害潜在风险仍知之甚少。为填补这一认知空白，本项目旨在探究不同气候情景下森林扰动的演化规律。为此，我们将对物种组成的长期变化进行建模，并结合卫星观测数据与灾害记录评估森林脆弱性。通过整合上述要素，我们将生成一系列合理的风险评估结果，以助力制定有效的适应策略，最终提升欧洲景观中这些核心生态系统的韧性与长期稳定性。</em>为探究森林对气候变化的脆弱性，我们采集了2000-2017年间欧洲与美国发生的森林扰动数据。本研究的关注区域为：1）美国；2）欧洲。纳入美国数据的原因在于，相较于欧盟，美国拥有更为丰富的虫害暴发相关森林扰动数据集，欧盟的相关记录数量与美国相比极为匮乏。本研究的时间范围为2000年至2017年，如此便可将森林扰动信息与遥感影像进行融合。自2000年起，欧洲与美国已实现系统化的卫星遥感数据采集，而在此之前，受时空分辨率限制，相关数据无法支撑森林扰动动态的精准研究。本森林扰动数据集包含<strong>3类独立档案</strong>：1）USDA（美国全国森林扰动数据）；2）EFFIS（欧洲森林火灾数据集）；3）WIND（欧洲风倒灾害数据集），同时配套来自以下渠道的<strong>辅助信息</strong>：1）ESA Globcover（土地覆盖数据）；2）植被光学深度（Vegetation Optical Depth, VOD，生物质代用指标）；3）Hansen森林砍伐地图；4）柯本-盖格气候分类（Koppen Geiger Climate Classification）；5）生物质数据；6）卫星反演的叶面积指数（Leaf Area Index, LAI）。其他相关文档详见附件文件夹。