TABLE 2. A in The generic position of the Nubian Bustard Neotis nuba (Cretzschmar, 1826) (Aves: Otididae)

TABLE 2. A simple matrix categorising the displays of 26 bustard species Otididae (based on information in Collar 1996, Collar in press, Collar & Snieder 2023, Collar & Wacher 2023). CAPITAL and italic letters indicate, respectively, a highly distinctive and a notable display feature, judged subjectively.A question mark (?) indicates no traced information. Brackets indicate a qualification, explained in a footnote where appropriate. 1 The sound in question is mechanical, not a vocalisation. 2 The call is not far-carrying and may be inaudible at any distance. 3 Neotis denhami is judged likely to produce a call, but none has yet been definitively reported. 4 For a brief comment on the reported call of Neotis nuba see text of paper. 5 The jump in Tetrax tetrax is relatively rare and possibly more in courtship. 6 Ground + air reflects that the species in question have two self-advertising displays, involving (a) ground-calling and (b) spectacular short flights. 7 The terrestrial display repertoire of Houbaropsis bengalensis is not adequately documented. 8 All plumage arrangements for Sypheotides indicus are irrelevant (n/a) as its display is entirely aerial (and as such unique to the species). 9 Lophotis ruficrista and L. gindiana have very striking crest displays but these are seemingly only used in courtship. 10 Wing-drooping reported, but requires clearer evidence. 11 This is the case in full self-advertisement posture of the type defined in the paper and as indicated in both Hockey et al. (2005) and Lichtenberg & Hallager (2008).
Speciescallsubstratecrestplumage changeneck/chinwingstailTetrax tetraxyes(+sound)1ground(+jump)5normalminorfeathers raisednormalnormalOtis tardanogroundnormalMAJORMAJOR INFLATIONDISTORTEDFULLY COCKEDChlamydotis undulata + macqueenii(no)2RUNNINGRAISEDMAJORretracted, breast raisedfrontal droopnormalLissotis hartlaubiiyesground + air6normalminorupper neck inflationnormalnormalLissotis melanogasteryesground + air6normalminornormal/feathers raisednormalnormalNeotis ludwigii + denhami(yes)3groundnormalMAJORMAJOR INFLATIONnormal (?)10normalNeotis heugliniiyesgroundnormalminorbell-shaped inflationnormaldown-pointedNeotis nuba?4WALKINGnormalMAJORretracted, breast raisedfrontal droopVERTICAL FORKArdeotis arabs + koriyesgroundRAISEDminorball-shaped inflationnormaldown-pointed 11Ardeotis nigriceps + australisyesgroundnormalmediumMAJOR EXTENSIONnormalFULLY COCKEDHoubaropsis bengalensisno(ground?+)air7normalmediumfeathers raisednormalnormalSypheotides indicus(sound)1AIRn/a8n/an/an/an/aLophotis savileiyes??????Lophotis ruficrista + gindianayesground + air6(major)9normalnormalnormalnormalHeterotetrax vigorsii + rueppelii + humilisyes (duet)groundminorminorfeathers raisednormalnormalAfrotis afra + afraoidesyesground + air6minorminorfeathers raisednormalnormalEupodotis senegalensis + caerulescensyes (duet)groundnormalminorfeathers raisednormalnormal