Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune New River Estuary - Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) Results

Critical military training and testing on lands along the nation’s coastal and estuarine shorelines are increasingly placed at risk because of development pressures in surrounding areas, impairments due to other anthropogenic disturbances, and increasing requirements for compliance with environmental regulations. The U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) intends to enhance and sustain its training and testing assets and to optimize its stewardship of natural resources through the development and application of an ecosystem-based management approach on DoD installations. To accomplish this goal, particularly for installations in estuarine/coastal environments, the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP) launched the Defense Coastal/Estuarine Research Program (DCERP) as a minimum 10-year effort at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune (MCBCL) in North Carolina. The results of the first six years of the program (DCERP1) are presented here. The overarching objectives of DCERP are to: (1) understand the effects of military training activities, infrastructure development, and other coastal military installations; (2) develop models, tools, and indicators to evaluate ecosystem health; and (3) recommend adaptive management strategies to sustain ecosystem natural resources within the context of an active military installation. This data package contains a zipfile of results from Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCPs) used to collect current profiles throughout the New River Estuary in 2009: Teledyne RD Instrument’s acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) were deployed throughout the NRE to understand current flows and tidal extent. (Current velocity and water level data collected by the ADCPs were also used to validate a hydrodynamic model of the NRE.) Two ADCPS were deployed by Marker 12 and the Highway 172 bridge from late-February to early-July 2009. These ADCPs were attached to steel frames that rested on the sediment surface with the ADCP looking upward to make full water column profiles of water velocity minus a 1-m blanking between the instrument and sediment surface. Also attached to the steel frames were conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) sensors, which provided concomitant salinity, temperature, and water depth data with the ADCP current measurements. Two ADCPS were also deployed in close proximity to the AVPs in Stones and Morgan Bays from mid-July to mid-December 2009. These ADCPs were deployed flush to the estuary floor to maximize the full vertical sampling capability at these shallow stations and the AVPs collected coincidental temperature, salinity, and depth measurements. For all deployments, the ADCPs were programmed in fast ping-rate mode 12 using 20 pings per ensemble and collected profiles in 10-cm bins every 6 minutes yielding a standard deviation in velocity measurements of 1.27 cm s-1. Current velocity and water level data were analyzed to understand the tidal influence on circulation within the NRE. Harmonic analyses were performed to extract the dominant tidal constituents from the velocity and depth records using T-tide run in MATLAB (Pawlowicz et al., 2002). These measurements of tidal amplitude and phase were then used to validate the high-resolution Advanced Circulation (ADCIRC) Model of the NRE region.

美国沿海及河口沿岸区域的关键军事训练与测试活动，正因周边开发压力、其他人为活动造成的生态损害，以及日益严苛的环境合规要求，面临愈发严峻的风险。美国国防部（U.S. Department of Defense, DoD）旨在通过在其军事设施中开发并应用基于生态系统的管理模式，强化并维持其训练与测试资产，并优化对自然资源的管护工作。为达成这一目标，尤其是针对河口/沿海环境中的军事设施，战略环境研究与发展计划（Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program, SERDP）启动了国防沿海/河口研究计划（Defense Coastal/Estuarine Research Program, DCERP），计划在北卡罗来纳州的勒琼海军陆战队基地（Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, MCBCL）开展至少为期10年的研究工作。本文展示了该计划前六年（DCERP1）的研究成果。国防沿海/河口研究计划（DCERP）的核心目标包括：（1）厘清军事训练活动、基础设施建设及其他沿海军事设施带来的生态影响；（2）开发用于评估生态系统健康状况的模型、工具与指标体系；（3）提出适应性管理策略，以在现役军事设施的运营框架内维持生态系统的自然资源。本数据包包含2009年用于在新河河口（New River Estuary, NRE）全区域采集流场剖面的声学多普勒流速剖面仪（Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers, ADCPs）观测结果压缩包：泰利敦RD仪器公司（Teledyne RD Instrument）生产的声学多普勒流速剖面仪（ADCPs）被部署于NRE全区域，用于研究水流运动与潮汐影响范围。（声学多普勒流速剖面仪采集的流速与水位数据，同样用于验证NRE的水动力模型。）2009年2月下旬至7月上旬，研究人员在12号航标与172号高速公路桥附近部署了两台声学多普勒流速剖面仪（ADCPs）。此类声学多普勒流速剖面仪被固定于钢制框架上，框架放置于沉积物表面，仪器朝上以采集完整的水柱流速剖面，同时在仪器与沉积物表面之间保留1米的盲区。钢制框架上同时搭载了温盐深传感器（Conductivity-Temperature-Depth, CTD），可与声学多普勒流速剖面仪同步采集盐度、温度与水深数据。2009年7月中旬至12月中旬，研究人员还在斯通湾与摩根湾的AVPs附近部署了两台声学多普勒流速剖面仪（ADCPs）。此类声学多普勒流速剖面仪紧贴河口底床部署，以在这些浅水区站点最大化垂直采样能力，同时由AVPs同步采集温度、盐度与水深数据。所有部署的声学多普勒流速剖面仪均设置为快速ping率模式12，每个采样集合采集20个ping，每6分钟采集一次10厘米分辨率的剖面数据，流速测量的标准偏差为1.27 cm s⁻¹。研究人员对流速与水位数据进行分析，以厘清潮汐对NRE环流的影响。研究人员采用运行于MATLAB平台的T-tide工具（Pawlowicz等，2002），对流速与水深记录进行调和分析，以提取主要潮汐分潮。这些潮汐振幅与相位的测量结果，随后被用于验证NRE区域的高分辨率高级环流（Advanced Circulation, ADCIRC）模型。