FluEgg simulations performed for hypothetical bighead carp spawning in the St. Croix River (Minnesota, Wisconsin).

Spawning is assumed to occur in the tailwater of the St. Croix Falls hydropower plant in the center of the channel and at the water surface for all simulations. All simulations released 10,000 bighead carp eggs at the spawning location and were run until larvae reached the gas bladder inflation stage (simulation time; computed from [18]). Hatching times are derived from [20].