Data from: Asymmetric competition impacts evolutionary rescue in a changing environment

AbstractInterspecific competition can strongly influence the evolutionary response of a species to a changing environment, impacting the chance that the species survives or goes extinct. Previous work has shown that when two species compete for a temporally shifting resource distribution, the species lagging behind the resource peak is the first to go extinct due to competitive exclusion. However, this work assumed symmetrically distributed resources and competition. Asymmetries can generate differences between species in population sizes, genetic variation and trait means. We show that asymmetric resource availability or competition can facilitate coexistence and even occasionally cause the leading species to go extinct first. Surprisingly, we also find cases where traits evolve in the opposite direction to the changing environment because of a ‘vacuum of competitive release’ created when the lagging species declines in number. Thus, the species exhibiting the slowest rate of trait evolution is not always the most likely to go extinct in a changing environment. Our results demonstrate that the extent to which species appear to be tracking environmental change and the extent to which they are preadapted to that change may not necessarily determine which species will be the winners and which will be the losers in a rapidly changing world., Usage notesEvolving Communities One Species Simulations All Raw Simulation DataWARNING: ~ 4.38 GB when expanded. Contains all of the raw data from the one-species simulations from the manuscript \"Asymmetric Competition Impacts Evolutionary Rescue in a Changing Environment\".Evolving Communities One Species Simulations Raw Simulation Data.zipEvolving Communities Two Species Raw Data (Part 1 - Symmetric Resources and Sym and Asym Competition)WARNING: ~ 3.6 GB when expanded. Contains all raw simulation data for the two-species simulations with symmetric resource distribution and competition from the manuscript \"Asymmetric Competition Impacts Evolutionary Rescue in a Changing Environment\".Evolving Communities Two Species Raw Simulation Data (Part 1 - Symmetric Resource and Sym and Asym Competition).zipEvolving Communities Two Species Raw Simulation Data (Part 2 - Asymmetric Resources)WARNING: ~3.2 GB when expanded. Contains all of the raw simulations data for the two-species simulations with an asymmetric resource distribution from the manuscript \"Asymmetric Competition Impacts Evolutionary Rescue in a Changing Environment\".Evolving Communities Two Species Raw Simulation Data (Part 3 - Asymmetric Resources & High Mutation Rate)WARNING: ~4.38 GB when expanded. Contains all of the raw simulations data for the two-species simulations with high mutation rate and asymmetric resource distribution from the manuscript \"Asymmetric Competition Impacts Evolutionary Rescue in a Changing Environment\". This includes the extended (to extinction) original runs in the case of slow environmental change (see Part 6a for other replicates).Evolving Communities Two Species Raw Simulation Data (Part 4 - Asymmetric Resources & Large Mutation Size)WARNING: ~3.3 GB when expanded. Contains all of the raw simulations data for the two-species simulations with large mutation size and an asymmetric resource distribution from the manuscript \"Asymmetric Competition Impacts Evolutionary Rescue in a Changing Environment\".Evolving Communities Two Species Raw Data (Part 5 - Leading Species Extinction Extra Simulations - Large Mutation Size)WARNING: ~622.1 MB when expanded. Contains all of the raw simulations data for the extra simulations run to explore leading species extinction with a large mutational effect size in the manuscript \"Asymmetric Competition Impacts Evolutionary Rescue in a Changing Environment\".Evolving Communities Two Species Raw Data (Part 6a - Leading Species Extinction Extra Simulations - High Mutation Rate)WARNING: ~4.83 GB when expanded. Contains raw simulations data for the extra simulations run to explore leading species extinction with a high mutation rate and a slow environmental change in the manuscript \"Asymmetric Competition Impacts Evolutionary Rescue in a Changing Environment\".Evolving Communities Two Species Raw Data (Part 6b - Leading Species Extinction Extra Simulations - High Mutation Rate)WARNING: ~2.17 GB when expanded. Contains all of the raw simulations data for the extra simulations run to explore leading species extinction in the manuscript \"Asymmetric Competition Impacts Evolutionary Rescue in a Changing Environment\".Head Start or Population Size Raw Simulation DataWARNING: ~ 528 MB when expanded. Contains all raw simulation data for the head-start vs population size simulations with symmetric resource distribution and competition from the manuscript \"Asymmetric Competition Impacts Evolutionary Rescue in a Changing Environment\".Evolving Communities Two Species Example Simulation File (For Use With Supplementary Mathematica Package)This file contains all data files necessary to use the Supplementary Mathematica Package available in the Electronic Supplementary Material through Proceedings B.Sample Files for Sup Mat.zip

【摘要】种间竞争（Interspecific competition）可深刻影响物种对环境变化的演化响应，进而左右物种的存续或灭绝概率。既往研究表明，当两个物种争夺随时间动态偏移的资源分布时，落后于资源峰值的物种会因竞争排斥（competitive exclusion）率先灭绝。但此类研究均假设资源与竞争呈对称分布，而不对称性可导致不同物种在种群规模、遗传变异及性状均值上产生差异。本研究显示，不对称的资源可获得性或竞争关系可促进物种共存，甚至偶尔会让处于优势的物种率先灭绝。令人意外的是，我们还发现部分情境中，因落后物种数量下降所引发的“竞争释放真空（vacuum of competitive release）”效应，性状演化方向会与环境变化背道而驰。由此可见，在快速变化的环境中，性状演化速率最慢的物种并非总是最易灭绝的物种。本研究结果证实，物种追踪环境变化的程度以及对该变化的预适应程度，未必能决定其在快速变化世界中的胜负格局。

### 使用说明
#### 演化群落单物种模拟数据集
本数据集为论文《不对称竞争对变化环境中演化拯救的影响》（Asymmetric Competition Impacts Evolutionary Rescue in a Changing Environment）中所有单物种模拟的原始数据。警告：解压后约占用4.38 GB存储空间。文件名为：Evolving Communities One Species Simulations Raw Simulation Data.zip

#### 演化群落双物种原始数据集（第1部分——对称资源与对称/不对称竞争）
本数据集包含论文中所有基于对称资源分布与竞争模式的双物种模拟原始数据。警告：解压后约占用3.6 GB存储空间。文件名为：Evolving Communities Two Species Raw Simulation Data (Part 1 - Symmetric Resource and Sym and Asym Competition).zip

#### 演化群落双物种原始数据集（第2部分——不对称资源）
本数据集包含论文中所有基于不对称资源分布的双物种模拟原始数据。警告：解压后约占用3.2 GB存储空间。文件名为：Evolving Communities Two Species Raw Simulation Data (Part 2 - Asymmetric Resources).zip

#### 演化群落双物种原始数据集（第3部分——不对称资源与高突变率）
本数据集包含论文中所有基于高突变率与不对称资源分布的双物种模拟原始数据。其中包含了环境变化缓慢情境下延伸至灭绝阶段的原始模拟运行结果（其他重复实验详见第6a部分）。警告：解压后约占用4.38 GB存储空间。文件名为：Evolving Communities Two Species Raw Simulation Data (Part 3 - Asymmetric Resources & High Mutation Rate).zip

#### 演化群落双物种原始数据集（第4部分——不对称资源与大突变尺度）
本数据集包含论文中所有基于大突变尺度与不对称资源分布的双物种模拟原始数据。警告：解压后约占用3.3 GB存储空间。文件名为：Evolving Communities Two Species Raw Simulation Data (Part 4 - Asymmetric Resources & Large Mutation Size).zip

#### 演化群落双物种原始数据集（第5部分——优势物种灭绝额外模拟——大突变效应尺度）
本数据集包含论文中所有用于探索大突变效应尺度下优势物种灭绝现象的额外模拟原始数据。警告：解压后约占用622.1 MB存储空间。文件名为：Evolving Communities Two Species Raw Data (Part 5 - Leading Species Extinction Extra Simulations - Large Mutation Size).zip

#### 演化群落双物种原始数据集（第6a部分——优势物种灭绝额外模拟——高突变率）
本数据集包含论文中所有用于探索高突变率与缓慢环境变化情境下优势物种灭绝现象的额外模拟原始数据。警告：解压后约占用4.83 GB存储空间。文件名为：Evolving Communities Two Species Raw Data (Part 6a - Leading Species Extinction Extra Simulations - High Mutation Rate).zip

#### 演化群落双物种原始数据集（第6b部分——优势物种灭绝额外模拟——高突变率）
本数据集包含论文中所有用于探索优势物种灭绝现象的额外模拟原始数据。警告：解压后约占用2.17 GB存储空间。文件名为：Evolving Communities Two Species Raw Data (Part 6b - Leading Species Extinction Extra Simulations - High Mutation Rate).zip

#### 先发优势或种群规模原始模拟数据集
本数据集包含论文中所有基于对称资源分布与竞争模式的先发优势vs种群规模模拟的原始数据。警告：解压后约占用528 MB存储空间。文件名为：Head Start or Population Size Raw Simulation Data.zip

#### 演化群落双物种示例模拟文件（配合补充Mathematica工具包使用）
本文件包含了可配合《英国皇家学会学报B辑》电子补充材料中提供的补充Mathematica工具包使用的所有必要数据文件。文件名为：Sample Files for Sup Mat.zip