BOLD, a blood-gas and oximetry linked dataset

Pulse oximeters measure peripheral arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) noninvasively, while the gold standard involves arterial blood gas measurement (SaO2). There are known racial and ethnic disparities in their performance. BOLD is a new comprehensive dataset that aims to underscore the importance of addressing biases in pulse oximetry accuracy, particularly affecting people with darker skin tones. The dataset was created by harmonizing three Electronic Health Record databases (MIMIC-III, MIMIC-IV, eICU-CRD) comprising Intensive Care Unit stays. Paired SpO2 and SaO2 measurements were time-aligned and combined with various other clinical parameters to provide a detailed picture of each patient. It includes 49,099 such paired measurements within a 5-minute window, with oxygen saturation levels between 70-100%. Significantly, about 25% of the data represents minority racial and ethnic groups, a proportion seldom achieved in previous studies. The code scripts have been made publicly available to facilitate replication.We hope that BOLD is poised to be a valuable resource for health equity studies, that can be used to develop pulse oximetry debiasing algorithms.

脉搏血氧仪可通过非侵入式方法测量周围动脉血氧饱和度（SpO2），而金标准则涉及动脉血气测量（SaO2）。已知其性能存在种族和民族差异。BOLD 是一个新的综合数据集，旨在强调解决脉搏血氧仪准确性偏差的重要性，尤其是对肤色较深的人群影响显著。该数据集通过整合三个电子健康记录数据库（MIMIC-III、MIMIC-IV、eICU-CRD）中重症监护病房的记录而创建。配对的 SpO2 和 SaO2 测量值在时间上对齐，并结合各种其他临床参数，以提供每位患者的详细情况。它包括在 5 分钟窗口内 49,099 个此类配对测量值，血氧饱和度水平在 70-100% 之间。值得注意的是，约 25% 的数据代表了少数种族和民族群体，这在以往的研究中鲜有实现。代码脚本已被公开发布，以促进复现。我们期望 BOLD 成为一个宝贵的资源，可用于健康公平研究，并可用于开发脉搏血氧仪去偏差算法。