Data from: Automated 24-hour surveys of flower-visiting communities reveal temporal complementarities and overlaps among strawberry pollinators

This dataset results from a study performed in the region of Paris (France) to investigate temporal complementarities and overlaps in pollinator activity periods and behaviour in different urban contexts. We carried out automated 24-hour video surveys to track strawberry flower visitors in three study sites in the region of Paris (France) with different surrounding land-use composition. We tested whether different flower visitor groups were active at different times of day (i.e. temporal complementarity vs. overlap), and whether foraging behaviour varied among groups and across the day. We found that most pollinators were active during the day, with ants reported as the main nocturnal flower visitors. Moreover, we found complementarity in the temporal activity of flower visitors in the least urbanised site. In contrast, in the more densely urbanised sites, a single peak of activity occurred during the afternoon, with dominance of honey bees, indicating overlap in temporal niche. We also found that the flower-visit duration varied substantially among pollinator groups, sites, and over the course of the day. These results emphasize how pollinator community functional complementarities can be context dependent. Indeed, currant knowledge is based mainly on diurnal observations of pollinator communities, which could bias our understanding of the relations between pollinator community composition and their contributions to pollination services. The dataset is related to the following publication: Blareau, E., Gabard, C., Riva, C., Dajoz, I. & Requier, F. (under review). Automated 24-hour surveys of flower-visiting communities reveal temporal complementarities and overlaps among strawberry pollinators. Global Ecology and Conservation. Two datasets are available: The abundance of each Morphotype of insect (i.e. honey bees (Apis mellifera), bumble bees (genus Bombus), small wild bees (i.e. body length shorter than 1cm), large wild bees (i.e. body length longer than 1cm), hoverflies (flies from the Syrphidea family), non-hoverfly Diptera, butterflies (diurnal Lepidoptera), moths (nocturnal Lepidoptera), beetles (Coleoptera) and ants (family Formicidae), in each of the three sites (i.e. Suburban garden, Urban park or Urban rooftop) for each hour of recorded footage. This data is available in the file "Visits.csv", with the corresponding metadata in the file "Visits_meta.csv". Foraging behaviour of each insect seen visiting a flower. For each insect visit, this data informs the part of the flower visited (i.e. the reproductive parts of the flower such as pistils and stamens, or non-reproductive parts such as sepals and petals), and the duration of the flower visit (from the first contact with either reproductive or non-reproductive parts of the flower to the moment the insect left the flower), in each site and over the course of the day and night. This data is available in the file "Behaviour.csv", with the corresponding metadata in the file "Behaviour_meta.csv".本数据集源自法国巴黎地区开展的一项研究，旨在探究不同城市环境下传粉昆虫活动时段与行为的时间互补性及生态位重叠情况。我们针对巴黎地区3个周边土地利用组成存在差异的研究样地，开展了自动化24小时视频监测，以追踪造访草莓花的昆虫类群。 本研究旨在验证两个科学假设：其一，不同访花昆虫类群是否在一天的不同时段活动（即存在时间互补性而非生态位重叠）；其二，不同类群的觅食行为是否存在组间差异，且随日节律发生变化。 研究结果显示，绝大多数传粉昆虫在日间活动，而蚂蚁是主要的夜行性访花者。此外，在城市化程度最低的样地中，访花昆虫的活动呈现出时间互补性特征；与之相反，在城市化程度更高的样地，昆虫活动仅在午后出现单一峰值，且以西方蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）占据优势，这表明此时的时间生态位存在重叠。我们还发现，不同传粉昆虫类群、不同样地以及一日内不同时段的访花时长均存在显著差异。 上述结果凸显了传粉昆虫群落的功能互补性如何依赖于环境背景。当前主流的相关认知多基于传粉昆虫群落的日间观测，这可能会导致我们对传粉昆虫群落组成及其对授粉服务贡献之间关系的理解产生偏差。本数据集关联以下已投稿学术论文：Blareau, E., Gabard, C., Riva, C., Dajoz, I. & Requier, F. (under review). Automated 24-hour surveys of flower-visiting communities reveal temporal complementarities and overlaps among strawberry pollinators. Global Ecology and Conservation. 本数据集包含两类数据： 1. 各昆虫形态类群在3个样地（即城郊花园、城市公园或城市天台）每小时监测录像中的访花丰度。所涉昆虫类群包括：西方蜜蜂（Apis mellifera）、熊蜂属（Bombus）昆虫、小型野生蜂（体长小于1cm）、大型野生蜂（体长大于1cm）、食蚜蝇（食蚜蝇科（Syrphidea）昆虫）、非食蚜蝇类双翅目（Diptera）昆虫、昼行性鳞翅目（Lepidoptera）蝴蝶、夜行性鳞翅目（Lepidoptera）蛾类、鞘翅目（Coleoptera）甲虫以及蚁科（Formicidae）蚂蚁。该数据存储于文件"Visits.csv"，对应元数据存储于"Visits_meta.csv"。 2. 单次访花昆虫的觅食行为数据。针对每一次访花事件，该数据记录了昆虫造访的花部部位（即花的生殖器官，如雌蕊、雄蕊，或非生殖器官，如花萼、花瓣），以及单次访花的持续时长（从昆虫首次接触花的生殖或非生殖部位，到其离开花朵的时刻），覆盖所有样地的昼夜时段。该数据存储于文件"Behaviour.csv"，对应元数据存储于"Behaviour_meta.csv"。