Models of species richness in N = 25 European countries.

Abbreviations: PDR = productivity-diversity relationships, AE = ambient energy, IGM = interim general model, SEH = spatial environmental heterogeneity, Herbi = herbivores, Carni = carnivores. “NA” indicates cells that were excluded from the respective models. Empty cells were considered, but the respective explanatory variable did not remain in the model according to the second order Akaike Information Criterion (AICc). I-lm denotes Moran’s I correlation coefficient for the residuals of a linear regression model not corrected for spatial autocorrelation. I-sar denotes the respective Moran’s I for spatial autoregressive error models. AICc and r2 values are from the spatial regression models, whereby r2 is Nagelkerke’s pseudo r2 based on maximum likelihood. Values in the columns of environmental variables are model coefficients, with significance levels denoted by asterisks:*pppaCook’s distance was >0.5 for Portugal. When excluded, T no longer remained in the model.bCook’s distance was >0.5 for Portugal. When excluded, the slope for T became slightly steeper (434.37*).cCook’s distance was >0.5 for Portugal. When excluded, the slope for T became slightly flatter (153.17*).dCook’s distance was >0.5 for Portugal. When excluded, none of the IGM variables remained in the model.