Data from: Resilience of self-organised and top-down planned cities—a case study on London and Beijing street networks

The success or failure of the street network depends on its reliability. In this article, using resilience analysis, the author studies how the shape and appearance of street networks in self-organised and top-down planned cities influences urban transport. Considering London and Beijing as proxies for self-organised and top-down planned cities, the structural properties of London and Beijing networks first are investigated based on their primal and dual representations of planar graphs. The robustness of street networks then is evaluated in primal space and dual space by deactivating road links under random and intentional attack scenarios. The results show that the reliability of London street network differs from that of Beijing, which seems to rely more on its architecture and connectivity. It is found that top-down planned Beijing with its higher average degree in the dual space and assortativity in the primal space is more robust than self-organised London using the measures of maximum and second largest cluster size and network efficiency. The article offers an insight, from a network perspective, into the reliability of street patterns in self-organised and top-down planned city systems.

街道网络的存续与否，取决于其可靠性。本文采用韧性分析（resilience analysis）方法，探究自组织城市与自上而下规划城市的街道网络形态特征对城市交通的影响机制。本文以伦敦、北京分别作为自组织城市与自上而下规划城市的参照样本，首先基于平面图的原图与对偶表示，对两市街道网络的结构属性展开分析。随后，通过在随机攻击与蓄意攻击场景下移除道路链路的方式，分别在原图空间（primal space）与对偶空间（dual space）中评估街道网络的鲁棒性（robustness）。研究结果显示，伦敦与北京的街道网络可靠性存在显著差异，北京街道网络似乎更依托其自身的建筑布局与连通性。基于最大连通分量规模、次大连通分量规模与网络效率等指标的测算结果表明，自上而下规划的北京街道网络，凭借其在对偶空间中更高的平均度值与在原图空间中更强的同配性（assortativity），相比自组织的伦敦街道网络具备更优的鲁棒性。本文从网络科学视角，为理解自组织与自上而下规划城市系统的街道格局可靠性提供了新的研究见解。