Soundscape_Baselines
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Soundscape Baselines This repository contains data to accompany the manuscript "Acoustic indices reveal fundamental differences in daily phenology of tropical and temperate forest soundscapes" Available Data This repository contains acoustic indices calculated from approximatly one month of continuous audio data from forests around the world.The indices power minus noise (PMN), acoustic complexity index (ACI), inverse acoustic entropy (ENT), and acoustic events (EVN) are present for all sites.Acoustic indices were calculated using the QUT Ecoacoustics Analysis Programs (https://ap.qut.ecoacoustics.info/). Metadata on each study site is held in "Table1_sitedetails.csv" Data structure Average Day Files Files with "avgDay" in their names have averaged together all the days and sites of each country. These data were used to generate false-color spectrogram figures showing typical soundscapes of each country. These files follow the naming convention "index_avgDay.csv" and have a 1-minute temporal resolution across a 24-hour period, and a 43.1 Hz frequency resolution ranging from 0.2155 kHz to 10.6888 kHz. Variable Description Time Time of day in POSIXct format with 1-minute resolution. POSIXct is a date-time format, but this variable records only time, so the same arbitrary date is used for all values. Frequency Frequency in Hz avgACI Average Acoustic Complexity Index. Averaged across days and sites of the same country, frequency, and time. avgENT Average Inverse Entropy Index. Averaged across days and sites of the same country, frequency, and time. avgEVN Average Acoustic Events Index. Averaged across days and sites of the same country, frequency, and time. Country Country where the audio was recorded Realm Biogeographic realm according to Dinerstein et al. 2017 10-minute PCA File The file "PCAinput_allIndices_allCountries_10minAvg.csv" was used for PCA analysis and differs from the average day files in that it has a 10-minute temporal resolution and separate values for each site. Variable Description frequency Frequency in Hz Time_10min Time rounded to the nearest 10 minutes. A period object in the format hh:mm:ss ACI Average Acoustic Complexity Index. Averaged across days of the same site, country, frequency, and time ENT Average Inverse Entropy Index. Averaged across days of the same site, country, frequency, and time EVN Average Acoustic Events Index. Averaged across days of the same site, country, frequency, and time PMN Average Power Minus Noise. Averaged across days of the same site, country, frequency, and time Site Site where the audio was recorded. Coordinates are in metadata. Country Country where the audio was recorded Representative samples (audio) Some representative examples of audio from each ecoregion have been provided. Audio samples match those visualized in Figure S3 of the supplementary materials. A single day from a single site from each ecoregion has been selected, and four audio files have been provided for each: one from dawn, one from noon, one from dusk, and one at night. Audio files follow the naming convention "Site_yyyymmdd_hhmmss.wav", where the date and time show the start time of the recording. Each recording is 30-minutes long. Audio files include: USA, Wisconsin, Site W2, 8 May 2024 (5:30am,12noon, 7pm, 11pm) Germany, Bavarian Forest National Park, Site D1, 6 May 2024 (5am, 12noon, 7pm, 11pm) Ecuador, Site E2, 1 Nov 2023 (7am, 12noon, 5pm, 9pm) Peru, Site P4, 18 May 2023 (6am, 12noon, 5pm, 9pm) Gabon, Site GAB4, 15 Oct 2022 (7am, 12noon, 6pm, 9pm) Sierra Leone, Site GRNP1, 20 Dec 2021 (7am, 12noon, 6pm, 11pm) Brunei, Site Kiudang2, 5 Jan 2024 (7am, 12noon, 6pm, 11pm) Singapore, Central Catchment Nature Reserve, Site CCNR, 27 June 2020 (7am, 12noon, 6pm, 11pm)
声景基准数据集 本仓库配套于学术论文《声学指数揭示热带与温带森林声景的每日物候学核心差异》。 可用数据集 本仓库包含全球多地森林为期约1个月的连续音频数据所计算得到的声学指数。所有监测点均包含功率减噪声(power minus noise, PMN)、声学复杂度指数(acoustic complexity index, ACI)、逆声学熵(inverse acoustic entropy, ENT)以及声学事件指数(acoustic events, EVN)。声学指数通过QUT生态声学分析工具包(QUT Ecoacoustics Analysis Programs,https://ap.qut.ecoacoustics.info/)计算得到。 各研究样地的元数据存储于"Table1_sitedetails.csv"文件中。 数据结构 平均日数据文件 文件名包含"avgDay"字样的文件,由对应国家所有监测点的全部单日数据平均聚合得到,用于生成展示各国典型声景的假彩色声谱图。此类文件命名遵循"index_avgDay.csv"格式,时间分辨率为1分钟(覆盖完整24小时周期),频率分辨率为43.1Hz,频率范围为0.2155kHz至10.6888kHz。 变量与说明: | 变量名 | 变量说明 | | ---- | ---- | | Time | 采用POSIXct格式的当日时间,分辨率为1分钟。POSIXct是一种日期时间格式,本变量仅记录时刻,因此所有数据使用同一任意日期作为基准。 | | Frequency | 频率,单位为Hz | | avgACI | 平均声学复杂度指数。对同一国家、同一频率段、同一时刻的所有监测点与单日数据进行平均后得到的结果。 | | avgENT | 平均逆声学熵指数。对同一国家、同一频率段、同一时刻的所有监测点与单日数据进行平均后得到的结果。 | | avgEVN | 平均声学事件指数。对同一国家、同一频率段、同一时刻的所有监测点与单日数据进行平均后得到的结果。 | | Country | 音频数据的录制国家 | | Realm | 依据Dinerstein等人2017年研究划定的生物地理界 | 10分钟分辨率PCA分析文件 文件"PCAinput_allIndices_allCountries_10minAvg.csv"用于主成分分析(PCA),与平均日数据文件不同,其时间分辨率为10分钟,且为每个监测点单独存储数值。 变量与说明: | 变量名 | 变量说明 | | ---- | ---- | | frequency | 频率,单位为Hz | | Time_10min | 取整至最近10分钟的时刻,采用hh:mm:ss格式的时段(period)对象 | | ACI | 平均声学复杂度指数。对同一监测点、同一国家、同一频率段、同一时刻的全部单日数据进行平均后得到的结果。 | | ENT | 平均逆声学熵指数。对同一监测点、同一国家、同一频率段、同一时刻的全部单日数据进行平均后得到的结果。 | | EVN | 平均声学事件指数。对同一监测点、同一国家、同一频率段、同一时刻的全部单日数据进行平均后得到的结果。 | | PMN | 平均功率减噪声指数。对同一监测点、同一国家、同一频率段、同一时刻的全部单日数据进行平均后得到的结果。 | | Site | 音频数据的录制监测点,其坐标信息存储于元数据文件中 | | Country | 音频数据的录制国家 | 代表性音频样本 本数据集提供了每个生态区的代表性音频样本,与补充材料中图S3的可视化内容一致。我们从每个生态区选取单个监测点的单日数据,为每个样本提供四段音频:分别对应黎明、正午、黄昏与夜间时段。 音频文件命名遵循"Site_yyyymmdd_hhmmss.wav"格式,其中日期与时间代表录音的起始时刻,单段录音时长为30分钟。 已提供的音频文件如下: 1. 美国威斯康星州W2监测点,2024年5月8日(凌晨5:30、正午12:00、傍晚19:00、夜间23:00) 2. 德国巴伐利亚森林国家公园D1监测点,2024年5月6日(凌晨5:00、正午12:00、傍晚19:00、夜间23:00) 3. 厄瓜多尔E2监测点,2023年11月1日(凌晨7:00、正午12:00、傍晚17:00、夜间21:00) 4. 秘鲁P4监测点,2023年5月18日(凌晨6:00、正午12:00、傍晚17:00、夜间21:00) 5. 加蓬GAB4监测点,2022年10月15日(凌晨7:00、正午12:00、傍晚18:00、夜间21:00) 6. 塞拉利昂GRNP1监测点,2021年12月20日(凌晨7:00、正午12:00、傍晚18:00、夜间23:00) 7. 文莱Kiudang2监测点,2024年1月5日(凌晨7:00、正午12:00、傍晚18:00、夜间23:00) 8. 新加坡中央集水区自然保护区CCNR监测点,2020年6月27日(凌晨7:00、正午12:00、傍晚18:00、夜间23:00)



