Study of the state of woody plants in arid conditions of Mangistau (Kazakhstan)

This study, conducted with meticulous attention to detail, comprehensively examines the state of plants and their adaptation to Kazakhstan's extra-arid climatic zone of the Mangistau. It uses the collections of woody plants from the Mangyshlak Experimental Botanical Garden in Aktau as a case study and extrapolates the results to the entire region. The study area is arid and unsuitable for many plants, so examining physiological adaptation mechanisms and strategies for preserving plants in unfavourable conditions is crucial. The study employed a range of methods, including the measurement of the intensity of transpiration, leaf hydration, and the content of chlorophyll A, B, and carotenoids. These methods were chosen for their proven effectiveness in similar studies and their ability to provide accurate and reliable data. The samples were also assessed using a point system for resistance to drought, phytophagy, gas tolerance, salt tolerance, winter hardiness, and soil fertility. The results obtained and entered into the IEBG platform “DinTseR” to assess the value of the introduction using a diagnostic scale revealed a high variability (up to 51.7-52.2%) of physiological indicators of growth and development. The highest values of transpiration intensity were observed in deciduous trees and shrubs, rose varieties (205-243 mg/g fresh leaf mass per hour), leaf water content - in climbing plants (68.9%), chlorophyll A and B content - in deciduous plants, and plants - old trees, fruit trees and varietal roses (3.46-3.93 and 1.34-1.84%). Their concentration in coniferous species is almost two times lower (0.63%). A correlation was also made between various significant factors. Twenty regression equations and forecasts have been identified that can be used to diagnose and assess resistance, thereby reducing the cost of determining the introduction value in the conditions of Mangistau. These findings are essential in understanding and preserving the unique flora of the Mangistau region.本研究以严谨细致的研究态度，全面考察了哈萨克斯坦曼吉斯套（Mangistau）超干旱气候区的植物生存现状及其适应机制。本研究以阿克套市曼吉斯劳实验植物园（Mangyshlak Experimental Botanical Garden）的木本植物馆藏为案例研究对象，并将研究结果外推至整个区域。研究区域气候干旱，多数植物难以在此存活，因此探究逆境条件下的植物生理适应机制与保育策略具有重要意义。本研究采用了多种实验方法，包括蒸腾强度测定、叶片水合状态检测以及叶绿素A、B与类胡萝卜素含量分析。上述方法因在同类研究中已被证实有效，且可提供精准可靠的数据而被选用。研究团队还通过评分体系对样本的抗旱性、抗植食性、气体耐受性、耐盐性、越冬耐寒性以及土壤肥力适配性进行了评估。将所得结果录入IEBG平台"DinTseR"，并通过诊断量表评估引种价值后发现，植物生长发育相关的生理指标存在较高变异性（最高可达51.7%~52.2%）。蒸腾强度最高的类群为落叶乔木与灌木、月季品种（每小时每克鲜叶质量可达205~243 mg）；叶片含水量最高的类群为攀援植物（68.9%）；叶绿素A、B含量最高的类群为落叶植物、古树、果树与月季品种（分别为3.46%~3.93%与1.34%~1.84%），而针叶树种的叶绿素含量仅约为上述类群的一半（0.63%）。研究还对多项关键影响因子开展了相关性分析，共得到20个可用于抗性诊断与评估的回归方程与预测模型，可有效降低曼吉斯套地区引种价值评估的成本。上述研究结果对于理解并保育曼吉斯套地区的特有植物区系具有重要价值。