Parkes observations for project P1238 semester 2024OCTS_03

Young and energetic pulsars can power strong pulsar wind nebula (PWN), which can be observed from radio to X-ray and beyond. Leveraging the sensitivity and high-resolution of next-generation radio surveys like ASKAP EMU and SARAO MeerKAT 1.3 GHz Galactic Plane Survey (SMGPS), we are now able to identify pulsar candidates associated with PWNe and SNRs. We can then use these PWN and SNR associations to guide our search of radio pulsars. This strategy was demonstrated successful by our recent discoveries of two high dispersion measure (DM) pulsars powering a bow-shocked PWNe using ASKAP EMU radio continuum images. Recently, we analysed several SMGPS fields and identified seven PWNe candidates potentially associated to three new and four known Galactic SNRs. Here we propose to use the Parkes UWL receiver to carry out the targeted search of radio pulsars powering these PWNe. Since these SNRs are located in Galactic plane and can be distant, we expect them to have large DMs. Such high DMs will lead to strong scattering and smearing and make pulsars undetectable in previous pulsar surveys. The wide frequency coverage of UWL, especially the high frequencies, will allow us to avoid these effects and therefore offer us a better chance to find these pulsars.

年轻且具备高能量的脉冲星能够驱动形成强烈的脉冲星风云（pulsar wind nebula, PWN），这类天体可在射电至X射线乃至更宽波段被观测到。借助ASKAP EMU与SARAO MeerKAT 1.3 GHz银道面巡天（SMGPS）等下一代射电巡天项目的高灵敏度与高分辨率特性，我们现已能够识别出与脉冲星风云及超新星遗迹（Supernova Remnant, SNR）相关的脉冲星候选体。我们可依托这些脉冲星风云与超新星遗迹的关联关系，指导射电脉冲星的搜寻工作。我们近期利用ASKAP EMU射电连续谱图像发现了两颗驱动弓形激波脉冲星风云的高色散量（dispersion measure, DM）脉冲星，该策略的有效性已得到验证。近期我们对多个SMGPS巡天天区开展分析，识别出7个潜在与3个新发现、4个已知银道面超新星遗迹相关联的脉冲星风云候选体。在此我们提议，利用帕克斯超宽频接收机（Parkes UWL receiver）对这些脉冲星风云所驱动的射电脉冲星开展靶向搜寻。由于这些超新星遗迹位于银道面且距离遥远，我们预期其关联的脉冲星将具有较大的色散量。如此高的色散量会引发强烈的散射与展宽效应，导致此前的脉冲星巡天无法探测到这类天体。帕克斯超宽频接收机UWL的宽频覆盖范围（尤其是高频段）将使我们能够规避上述效应，从而大幅提升发现这类脉冲星的概率。