PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF HORMONAL CONTROL IN HUMAN REPRODUCTION

The human reproductive system is regulated by a complex network of hormones that ensure gamete maturation, ovulation, spermatogenesis, and preparation for pregnancy. This article examines the physiological mechanisms of hormonal regulation in men and women and presents observational data from patients with reproductive disorders. Particular attention is paid to the role of the hypothalamic-pituitary system, the gonads, and the interaction of the central nervous system with peripheral hormones.人体生殖系统受一套复杂的激素网络调控，该网络可保障配子成熟、排卵、精子发生以及妊娠准备等生理过程有序进行。本文剖析了男女两性体内激素调控的生理机制，并展示了生殖障碍患者的观测性研究数据。研究特别聚焦于下丘脑-垂体系统（hypothalamic-pituitary system）、性腺的功能角色，以及中枢神经系统与外周激素之间的相互作用。