Does cytomegalovirus infection increase the risk of tuberculosis in UK children?

There is a hypothesised association between pre-existing cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and risk of acquiring tuberculosis (TB). We aimed to explore if CMV seroprevalence and CMV IgG levels in children were associated with TB disease or Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection compared to children who were exposed to TB but remained well.  In this cross-sectional analysis from an observational cohort study of children exposed to TB in their household in the United Kingdom, we examined samples from seventy-five participants, of whom 40 (53%) were male. Median age of the cohort was 6 years (interquartile range: 3-11 years). Twenty-one (28%) children had TB disease, 27 (36%) had Mtb infection, and 27 (36%) had TB exposure only. There was no increased risk of TB in children who were CMV-seropositive (OR 2.18 (0.75-6.48)), and there were no differences in CMV IgG quantification by TB category. There was no detectable CMV viraemia in any of the children in our study. We found higher l..., Participants
Participants aged 0-16 years were recruited between January 2011 and December 2014 from 11 paediatric TB clinics in the United Kingdom, as part of the NIKS Cohort Study. In 2006, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in the United Kingdom recommended that, following household TB exposure, children should be evaluated using tuberculin skin testing (TST). Those with positive TST results should undergo interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA) evaluation, and only those with positive results would be eligible for TB preventive treatment. The NIKS Cohort Study sought to evaluate the negative predictive performance of interferon-gamma release assays in TST-positive children. Serial serum samples were taken at baseline and over the period of follow-up (19). Children who had previously had a positive test for TB were excluded. Of the 392 participants of the NIKS Cohort Study, samples were only available from a subset of 75 children from six of the study sites (..., , # Does cytomegalovirus infection increase the risk of tuberculosis in UK children?

Dryad DOI:  [https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.gxd2547wv](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.gxd2547wv)

## Description of the data and file structure

We have submitted our raw data. This file contains data for 75 participants (children and adolescents) who had been exposed to a household TB contact. They had subsequently been categorised as having active TB disease, LTBI (Mtb sensitisation), or no evidence of TB. CMV seropositivity and CMV IgG levels were obtained for these patients. 

### Files and variables

#### File: Does_cytomegalovirus_infection_increase_the_risk_of_tuberculosis_in_UK_children_csv.csv

**Descriptions**

##### Variables

* *ID*- identification
* *sex*- (birth sex) binary female/male
* *BCG*- (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) received (Y/N)
* *TB_diagnosis*- active TB/ latent TB/ no evidence of latent TB infection
* *TB_all_diagnoses*- TB group (active or latent TB: Yes- 1, no evidence of TB: No-0..., Data has been de-identified by direct and indirect identifiers being removed/changed. For example, age bands have been used, and there are less than 3 indirect identifiers in the data set. Any unnecessary data which may include any unique information has been eliminated.

现有研究假设既往巨细胞病毒（Cytomegalovirus, CMV）感染与结核病（Tuberculosis, TB）的发病风险存在关联。本研究旨在探讨相较于结核暴露后未发病的儿童，儿童体内CMV血清阳性率及CMV IgG水平是否与TB发病或结核分枝杆菌（Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mtb）感染存在关联。

本研究基于英国家庭结核暴露儿童的观察性队列研究开展横断面分析，共纳入75名受试者，其中40名（53%）为男性。队列受试者的年龄中位数为6岁（四分位间距：3~11岁）。21名（28%）儿童罹患活动性TB，27名（36%）存在Mtb感染，剩余27名（36%）仅存在结核暴露史。本研究未发现CMV血清阳性儿童罹患TB的风险升高（比值比OR=2.18，95%置信区间0.75~6.48），且不同TB分类组间的CMV IgG定量水平无显著差异。本研究所有受试者均未检测到CMV病毒血症。本研究发现更高的……[原文此处截断]

### 受试者
本研究作为NIKS队列研究的一部分，于2011年1月至2014年12月间，从英国11家儿科TB诊所招募了0~16岁的儿童受试者。2006年，英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所（National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, NICE）推荐，对于家庭TB暴露儿童，应采用结核菌素皮肤试验（Tuberculin Skin Test, TST）进行评估；TST结果阳性者需进一步行γ干扰素释放试验（Interferon-Gamma Release Assays, IGRA）检测，仅IGRA阳性者可接受TB预防性治疗。NIKS队列研究旨在评估TST阳性儿童中IGRA的阴性预测性能。研究在基线及随访期间采集了系列血清样本（参考文献19），并排除了既往TB检测结果阳性的儿童。NIKS队列研究共纳入392名受试者，本亚组分析仅使用了来自6个研究中心的75名儿童的样本[原文此处截断]

# 巨细胞病毒感染是否会增加英国儿童的结核病发病风险？
Dryad DOI：https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.gxd2547wv

## 数据与文件结构说明
本研究已提交原始数据。本文件包含75名曾有家庭结核接触暴露史的受试者（儿童及青少年）的相关数据，这些受试者后续被分为三类：活动性TB患者、潜伏结核感染（Latent Tuberculosis Infection, LTBI，即Mtb致敏）者，以及无结核感染证据者。本研究获取了所有受试者的CMV血清阳性情况及CMV IgG水平数据。

### 文件与变量
#### 文件：Does_cytomegalovirus_infection_increase_the_risk_of_tuberculosis_in_UK_children_csv.csv
##### 变量说明
* *ID*：受试者识别编号
* *sex*：（出生性别）二分类变量，女/男
* *BCG*：是否接种卡介苗（Bacillus Calmette-Guérin, BCG），Y/N二分类
* *TB_diagnosis*：TB诊断分类，包括活动性TB、潜伏性结核感染、无潜伏性结核感染证据
* *TB_all_diagnoses*：TB分组（活动性或潜伏性TB：是=1，无TB证据：否=0）。本数据集已通过移除或修改直接与间接标识符进行去标识化处理：例如采用年龄组划分，且数据集中间接标识符少于3个；所有可能包含唯一识别信息的非必要数据均已删除。