Toward Maximizing Hole Selection with Self-Assembled Monolayers in Sn-Based Perovskite Solar Cells

Even though hole-selective self-assembled monolayers
(SAMs) are
a key player for light management and carrier management in Pb- and
Sn–Pb based perovskite solar cells (PSCs), they are markedly
underdeveloped for Sn PSCs. Herein, we offer multifaceted approaches
as a roadmap to tackle this challenge. We systematically reviewed
recent publications on Sn PSCs utilizing hole-selective SAMs to identify
underexplored approaches and suboptimal photovoltaic performance.
We then examined state-of-the-art PSCs based on Pb and Sn–Pb
perovskites to induce their success to arise from multifaceted approaches
on the substrate, SAM, perovskite, and their interfaces. Additionally,
we emphasized the unique underlying properties of Sn PSCs that warrant
careful consideration. Finally, we proposed feasible approaches to
improve the SAM-based Sn PSCs, in light of light management and carrier
management, by leveraging the unique properties of Sn perovskites
alongside the multifaceted approaches proven effective in other PSCs.