Maximising crops and minimising weeds with smart phase farming

The datasets are excel files containing field collected raw data.
Trials were conducted over two growing seasons at the UWA-Ridgefield farm near Pingelly in the Western Australian grain belt in 2019 and 2020.
Two sites were established. Site_1: Bolgart/Calingiri (31°07'45.8"S 116°31'05.7"E) Site_2: North Brookton (32°14'43.3"S 116°57'32.1"E)

Dataset contains
ARG (seed/m2): Seed bank analyisis, 8 soil cores at 10cm depth pero plot were collected at the end of the season. These were poured onto trays and watered to field capacity to maintain soil moisture. Germination of seeds was counted progressively from Feb-June.
ARG Biomass 50x50 2 quadrats: Annual Ryegrass Biomass samples at harvest
ARG Biomass g/m2: Annual Ryegrass Biomass samples converted into g/m2
Wheat Biomass 50x50 2 quadrats: Biomass samples at harvest
Wheat Biomass g/m2: Biomass samples converted into g/m2
Wheat yield t/ha: Wheat yield in t/ha per plot

Crop rotations:
Rotation 1 (W-W-W-W) W=wheat
Rotation 2 (F-F-F-W) F=fallow
Rotation 3 (L-O-C-W) O= Oats
Rotation 4 (S-W-S-W) L=lupin
Rotation 5 (S-W-W-W) C=Canola
Rotation 6 (S-S-W-W) S=Serradella
Rotation 7 (S-S-S-W)

The project:
Establishment of a serradella and weed control focus site at the UWA-Ridgefield farm near Pingelly to test weed control techniques in pasture phases.
Overall objectives: (1) evaluate the effectiveness of weed management options in reducing weed seed banks in serradella; (2) evaluate pasture productivity, weed control and its impact on weed seed and serradella seed viability including changes in the soil weed seed bank.
Trial 1: The effectiveness of single novel tactical treatments test in reducing weed seed banks in serradella phases
Research questions:
Q1: What is the effect of early intervention by using pre-emergent herbicides on weed seed bank size and serradella production?
Q2: What is the effect of post-emergence weed management practices on weed seed bank size and serradella production?
Hypothesis: Using a single tactical treatment can reduce weed seed bank significantly in the serradella phase.
Trial 2: Effectiveness of spray top timing and alternatives to glyphosate/paraquat
Research question: What is the effect of spray-top timing in reducing weed seed banks without compromising serradella seed set?
Hypothesis: The best time for spray-topping is to avoid serradella flowering, as it has detrimental effect on seed yield.
Trial 3: Intensive weed control (Mix tactics)
Research question: What is the optimal time and combination of weed management options to achieve 100% ryegrass, barley-grass, and brome-grass control in serradella phases?
Hypothesis: Excellent control of grasses can be achieved in the serradella phase through the use of late-stage weed control options.
Trial 4: Grazing animals as weed control agents
Research question: What is the effect of the rate of stocking with sheep on the weed control and the botanical composition of annual pasture in Western Australia?
Hypothesis: when the pastures concerned were grazed at six sheep to an acre, annual ryegrass and serradella virtually disappeared from the pasture.

本数据集为包含野外采集原始数据的Excel文件。
本试验于2019年与2020年两个生长季内，在西澳大利亚谷物带Pingelly附近的UWA-Ridgefield农场开展。
共设置2个试验站点：站点1：博加特/卡林吉里（Bolgart/Calingiri，31°07'45.8"S 116°31'05.7"E）；站点2：北布鲁克顿（North Brookton，32°14'43.3"S 116°57'32.1"E）。

本数据集包含以下内容：
ARG（Annual Ryegrass，多花黑麦草，单位：粒/平方米，seed/m2）：种子库分析：于每季作物生长季末，每个样地采集8个深度为10cm的土芯。将土芯样品倒入托盘并浇水至田间持水量以维持土壤湿度，于2月至6月期间逐日统计种子萌发情况。
ARG生物量（50×50样方，共2个）：收获期采集的多花黑麦草生物量样品。
ARG生物量（单位：克/平方米，g/m2）：经单位换算后的多花黑麦草生物量。
小麦生物量（50×50样方，共2个）：收获期采集的小麦生物量样品。
小麦生物量（单位：克/平方米，g/m2）：经单位换算后的小麦生物量。
小麦产量（单位：吨/公顷，t/ha）：每个样地的小麦产量。

作物轮作模式：
轮作模式1（W-W-W-W）：W=小麦（wheat）
轮作模式2（F-F-F-W）：F=休耕地（fallow）
轮作模式3（L-O-C-W）：O=燕麦（Oats），L=羽扇豆（lupin），C=加拿大油菜（Canola）
轮作模式4（S-W-S-W）：S=塞拉代拉黄芪（Serradella）
轮作模式5（S-W-W-W）：C=加拿大油菜（Canola）
轮作模式6（S-S-W-W）：S=塞拉代拉黄芪（Serradella）
轮作模式7（S-S-S-W）：无配套说明。

本项目背景：
在Pingelly附近的UWA-Ridgefield农场设立塞拉代拉黄芪（Serradella）与杂草防控重点试验站点，以测试牧场阶段的杂草防控技术。
总体目标：（1）评估杂草管理措施对降低塞拉代拉黄芪田块杂草种子库的效果；（2）评估牧场生产力、杂草防控效果及其对杂草种子与塞拉代拉黄芪种子活力的影响，包括土壤杂草种子库的变化。

试验1：单一新型策略性处理措施对塞拉代拉黄芪田块杂草种子库的防控效果
研究问题：
Q1：使用苗前除草剂进行早期干预，对杂草种子库规模与塞拉代拉黄芪产量有何影响？
Q2：苗后杂草管理措施对杂草种子库规模与塞拉代拉黄芪产量有何影响？
假设：在塞拉代拉黄芪种植阶段，采用单一策略性处理措施可显著降低杂草种子库规模。

试验2：喷施封顶（spray-topping）时机与草甘膦/百草枯替代方案的防控效果
研究问题：在不影响塞拉代拉黄芪结籽的前提下，喷施封顶时机对降低杂草种子库有何影响？
假设：喷施封顶的最佳时机为避开塞拉代拉黄芪开花期，因为开花期喷施会对种子产量产生不利影响。

试验3：集约化杂草防控（复合策略）
研究问题：在塞拉代拉黄芪种植阶段，采用何种最优时机与杂草管理措施组合，可实现对多花黑麦草、大麦草与雀麦草100%的防控？
假设：在塞拉代拉黄芪种植阶段，通过采用后期杂草防控措施，可实现对禾本科杂草的优异防控效果。

试验4：以放牧动物作为杂草防控手段
研究问题：在西澳大利亚地区，绵羊放牧密度对杂草防控与一年生牧场植物群落组成有何影响？
假设：当放牧密度为6只绵羊/英亩时，牧场中的多花黑麦草与塞拉代拉黄芪几乎会完全消失。