THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF STUDYING PERCEPTUAL CATEGORIES IN COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS AND LINGUOCULTUROLOGY

This article explores the theoretical foundations for studying perceptual categories within the frameworks of cognitive linguistics and linguoculturology. Perceptual categories are understood as fundamental mental constructs formed through human sensory experience and subsequently reflected in language and culture. The study examines how cognitive mechanisms such as conceptualization, categorization, and embodiment contribute to the formation and representation of perceptual knowledge in linguistic systems. Additionally, it highlights the role of cultural context in shaping perception and influencing the semantic structure of language. Drawing on contemporary research in cognitive science and linguistic anthropology, the paper analyzes the interrelation between language, cognition, and cultural worldview. Particular attention is given to cross-linguistic differences in the encoding of perceptual experience, demonstrating how language-specific patterns reveal culturally embedded models of reality. The findings suggest that perceptual categories serve as a crucial interface between human cognition and linguistic expression, providing insights into both universal and culture-specific aspects of meaning construction.

本文探讨了认知语言学（cognitive linguistics）与语言文化学（linguoculturology）框架下感知范畴（perceptual categories）研究的理论基础。感知范畴被界定为经由人类感官体验构建而成的基础性心智建构，并随后体现在语言与文化之中。本研究考察了概念化（conceptualization）、范畴化（categorization）与涉身性（embodiment）等认知机制，如何促成语言系统中感知知识的形成与表征。此外，本研究还阐明了文化语境在塑造感知方式与影响语言语义结构方面的作用。本文基于认知科学与语言人类学（linguistic anthropology）的当代研究成果，剖析了语言、认知与文化世界观之间的内在关联。研究尤其关注感知体验编码的跨语言差异，阐明了特定语言的模式如何揭示根植于文化的现实认知模型。研究结果表明，感知范畴是人类认知与语言表达之间的关键衔接界面，为揭示意义构建的普遍性与文化特异性维度提供了重要洞见。