中国区域Landsat-9-OLI_TIRS原始遥感影像数据集

Landsat 9 于 2021 年 9 月 27 日下午 1:12从加利福尼亚州范登堡空军基地发射，搭载联合发射联盟 Atlas V 401 火箭。Landsat 9 搭载了由科罗拉多州博尔德的 Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corporation 制造的陆地成像仪 2 (OLI-2) 和在马里兰州格林贝尔特的 NASA 戈达德太空飞行中心制造的热红外传感器 2 (TIRS-2) .诺斯罗普·格鲁曼公司设计和制造了这艘宇宙飞船，并将这两种仪器集成在一起。Landsat 9 上的仪器是目前在Landsat 8上收集数据的那些仪器的改进复制品，这些仪器已经提供了比上一代 Landsat 卫星上的仪器在辐射和几何上更好的数据。
这颗卫星携带两台科学仪器，即陆地成像仪 2 (OLI-2) 和热红外传感器 2 (TIRS-2)。OLI-2 在可见光、近红外和短波红外波段捕获地球表面的观测数据，TIRS-2 测量从地球表面发出的热红外辐射或热量。OLI 和 TIRS 都有 5 年的任务设计寿命，尽管航天器有 10 年以上的消耗品。Landsat 9 的改进包括 OLI-2 的更高辐射分辨率（14 位量化从 Landsat 8 的 12 位增加）允许传感器检测更细微的差异，尤其是在水或茂密森林等较暗区域。凭借更高的辐射分辨率，Landsat 9 可以区分给定波长的 16,384 种色调。相比之下，Landsat 8 提供 12 位数据和 4,096 种色调，而 Landsat 7 以 8 位分辨率仅检测到 256 种色调。除了对 OLI-2 的改进之外，与 Landsat 8 热红外传感器 (TIRS) 相比，TIRS-2 显着减少了杂散光，从而改进了大气校正和更准确的地表温度测量。
中国地面站Landsat-9/OLI_TIR原始遥感影像数据集指的是中国北京地面站、喀什地面站、三亚地面站三个地面站所接收的Landsat9遥感影像数据。

Landsat 9 was launched at 1:12 p.m. on September 27, 2021, from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, aboard a United Launch Alliance Atlas V 401 rocket. It carries the Operational Land Imager 2 (OLI-2), manufactured by Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corporation of Boulder, Colorado, and the Thermal Infrared Sensor 2 (TIRS-2), built by NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. Northrop Grumman designed and manufactured the spacecraft bus and integrated the two instruments. The instruments aboard Landsat 9 are improved replicas of those currently collecting data on Landsat 8, which have already delivered radiometrically and geometrically superior data compared to instruments on previous-generation Landsat satellites.

The satellite carries two scientific instruments: OLI-2 and TIRS-2. OLI-2 captures observations of Earth’s surface across visible, near-infrared, and shortwave infrared bands, while TIRS-2 measures thermal infrared radiation, or heat, emitted from Earth’s surface. Both OLI and TIRS have a designed mission lifespan of 5 years, though the spacecraft has consumables rated for over 10 years. Improvements to Landsat 9 include higher radiometric resolution for OLI-2: the 14-bit quantization (up from 12 bits on Landsat 8) allows the sensor to detect more subtle differences, particularly in darker areas such as water or dense forests. With its higher radiometric resolution, Landsat 9 can distinguish 16,384 tonal levels at a given wavelength. By comparison, Landsat 8 provides 12-bit data with 4,096 tonal levels, while Landsat 7 detects only 256 tonal levels at 8-bit resolution. In addition to the upgrades to OLI-2, TIRS-2 significantly reduces stray light compared to the Landsat 8 Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS), which improves atmospheric correction and enables more accurate surface temperature measurements.

The Landsat-9/OLI_TIR raw remote sensing image dataset received by Chinese ground stations refers to Landsat 9 remote sensing image data received by three ground stations in China: the Beijing Ground Station, Kashgar Ground Station, and Sanya Ground Station.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是中国区域Landsat-9卫星的原始遥感影像数据，覆盖中国及周边地区，时间从2021年12月持续至今，分辨率为30米（全色波段15米）。数据由改进的OLI-2和TIRS-2传感器采集，具有14位高辐射分辨率，能提供更精细的地表观测和温度测量，但当前数据量显示为零且暂未开放下载，需通过线下申请获取。