Difference in standardized grade (z-score) in language and mathematics for the full-sibling cohort and difference in IQ for the nested full-brother sub-cohort, by maternal exposure to infection during pregnancy compared with no exposure.

All analyses are adjusted for maternal and paternal age at childbirth, maternal and paternal educational level, and number of older siblings. The estimates are also presented graphically in Fig 1. Blank cells denote antimicrobial subtypes with 100 or fewer children exposed in the full-brother cohort, yielding uninformative IQ point estimates. (XLSX)