Digital soil maps for key soil properties over New South Wales, version 2.0

Digital soil maps (DSMs) are prepared through quantitative modelling techniques that are based on relationships between soil attributes and the environment. DSMs are presented over NSW for a range of key soil properties, including soil organic carbon (SOC), pH, cation exchange capacity, sum-of-bases, available phosphorous, bulk density, clay, silt and sand (total and fine). The maps are at 100 m spatial resolution and cover ten soil depth intervals down to 2 m, consistent with widely used Australian and international systems. Random Forest decision tree modelling techniques were applied. Validation results for the maps indicate generally moderate to high performance and effectiveness. Maps of mean plus upper 95% and lower 5% prediction limits are available. The maps provide at least a useful first approximation of these soil properties across the State. The products are described more fully in the technical report: Gray (2023), Digital soil mapping of key soil properties over NSW, version 2.0 (76p). The report and raster layers can be downloaded through the NSW environmental data portal SEED (https://www.seed.nsw.gov.au/) and are also viewable through the DPE soil and landscape spatial viewer eSPADE (http://espade.environment.nsw.gov.au ). All maps, including prediction limits and intervals, are also available through the DPE data broker.

数字土壤图（Digital Soil Maps，DSMs）通过基于土壤属性与环境要素间关联关系的定量建模技术制备而成。本次发布的DSMs覆盖新南威尔士州（New South Wales，NSW）全域，涵盖多项关键土壤属性，包括土壤有机碳（Soil Organic Carbon，SOC）、pH值、阳离子交换量、盐基总量、有效磷、容重、黏粒、粉粒以及砂粒（含全量与细粒级）。该系列地图的空间分辨率为100米，涵盖至2米深度的10个标准土壤土层间隔，与国际及澳大利亚通用的土壤分层体系保持一致。本次研究采用了随机森林决策树建模技术（Random Forest）。该类地图的验证结果显示，其整体性能多处于中等至优异水平，应用效果良好。同步提供包含均值、95%置信上限与5%置信下限的预测区间地图。该系列地图可为新南威尔士州范围内的上述土壤属性提供具备参考价值的初步近似结果。相关产品的完整技术说明载于报告：Gray（2023）《新南威尔士州关键土壤属性数字土壤制图（版本2.0）》（共76页）。该报告与栅格图层可通过SEED新南威尔士州环境数据门户（https://www.seed.nsw.gov.au/）下载，也可通过新南威尔士州规划与环境部（Department of Planning and Environment，DPE）的土壤与景观空间可视化工具eSPADE（http://espade.environment.nsw.gov.au）进行在线查看。所有包含预测限值与土层间隔的地图均可通过DPE数据代理平台获取。