Indium deposits in the United States

This U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) data release provides the descriptions of the only U.S. sites-including mining districts, mineral occurrences, and mine features-that have reported production and (or) resources of indium (In). This dataset contains the Bingham and West Desert deposits in Utah, and the Chino site in New Mexico. Indium is considered a critical and strategic mineral because of its use in the aerospace, defense, energy, and telecommunications sectors. The primary applications are flat-panel displays, and specialty alloys (Fortier and others, 2018). In 2021, the U.S. was 100 percent net import reliant on indium from China, Canada, Republic of Korea, and France (U.S. Geological Survey, 2022). Indium is most commonly recovered from sphalerite, a zinc-sulfide mineral, wherein the indium occurs in quantities of less than 1 part per million (ppm) to 100 ppm (U.S. Geological Survey, 2022). In the U.S., indium is found in porphyry and skarn deposits. The West Desert deposit in Utah is the only deposit in the U.S. with a modern National Instrument 43-101 (NI 43-101) compliant resource estimate of indium (Dyer and others, 2014). The entries and descriptions in the database were derived from published papers, reports, data, and internet documents representing a variety of sources, including geologic and exploration studies described in State, Federal, and industry reports. Resources extracted from older sources might not be compliant with current rules and guidelines in minerals industry standards such as NI 43-101. The presence of an indium mineral deposit in this database is not meant to imply that the deposit is currently economic. Rather, these deposits were included to capture the characteristics of the largest indium deposits in the United States. Inclusion of material in the database is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The authors welcome additional published information in order to continually update and refine this dataset. Dyer, T.L., Tietz, P.G., and Austin, J.B., 2014, Technical report on the West Desert zinc-copper-indium-magnetite project, preliminary economic assessment, Juab County, Utah, prepared for InZinc Mining Ltd. [Filing date March 17, 2014]: Mine Development Associates, 188 p., accessed March 10, 2020, at http://www.sedar.com. Fortier, S.M., Nassar, N.T., Lederer, G.W., Brainard, J., Gambogi, J., and McCullough, E.A., 2018, Draft critical mineral list-Summary of methodology and background information-U.S. Geological Survey technical input document in response to Secretarial Order No. 3359: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2018-1021, 15 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181021. U.S. Geological Survey, 2022, Mineral commodity summaries 2022: U.S. Geological Survey, 202 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/mcs2022.

本美国地质调查局（U.S. Geological Survey, USGS）发布的数据集，收录了全美范围内所有已报告铟（Indium, In）产量与（或）储量的矿场相关信息，涵盖采矿矿区、矿点及矿山特征。
本数据集包含犹他州的宾厄姆（Bingham）与西沙漠（West Desert）矿床，以及新墨西哥州的奇诺（Chino）矿点。
铟因在航空航天、国防、能源及电信领域的应用，被视为关键战略矿产，其核心应用场景为平板显示器与特种合金（Fortier等人，2018）。
2021年，美国铟供应完全依赖从中国、加拿大、韩国及法国的净进口（美国地质调查局，2022）。
铟通常从闪锌矿（一种硫化锌矿物）中回收，该矿物中铟的含量介于不足1ppm至100ppm之间（美国地质调查局，2022）。
美国境内的铟赋存于斑岩型与矽卡岩型矿床中。犹他州的西沙漠矿床是全美唯一具备符合《National Instrument 43-101（NI 43-101）》规范的铟储量评估结果的矿床（Dyer等人，2014）。
本数据库中的条目与描述源自各类公开出版的论文、报告、数据及互联网文档，涵盖州级、联邦级及行业报告中记载的地质与勘探研究成果。
从老旧来源提取的矿产储量数据可能不符合《NI 43-101》等现行矿业行业标准的规范要求。
本数据库收录铟矿床条目，并非暗示该矿床当前具备经济开采价值。收录此类矿床的目的，在于完整呈现美国境内规模最大的铟矿床的各项特征。
本数据库收录的资料仅用于描述性用途，不代表美国政府的任何背书或认可。
本数据集的编制团队欢迎补充公开资料，以持续更新并完善本数据集。
戴尔（Dyer, T.L.）、蒂茨（Tietz, P.G.）与奥斯汀（Austin, J.B.），2014年，《犹他州朱厄布县西沙漠锌-铜-铟-磁铁矿项目技术报告：初步经济评估》，为InZinc矿业有限公司编制[备案日期：2014年3月17日]：矿山开发联合公司，188页，2020年3月10日检索自http://www.sedar.com。
福捷（Fortier, S.M.）、纳萨尔（Nassar, N.T.）、莱德（Lederer, G.W.）、布雷纳德（Brainard, J.）、甘博吉（Gambogi, J.）与麦卡洛（McCullough, E.A.），2018年，《关键矿产清单草案：方法学与背景信息摘要——美国地质调查局响应第3359号部长令的技术输入文件》，美国地质调查局公开文件报告2018-1021，15页，https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20181021。
美国地质调查局，2022年，《2022年矿产商品综述》：美国地质调查局，202页，https://doi.org/10.3133/mcs2022。