Optical liquid phantom characterization

This dataset contains the results of the characterisation of liquid phantoms compounds and recipes that will be used to test hyperspectral systems. We have characterize 4 compounds: Indian Ink, Protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), Blood (human and horse) and Yeast fluorescence. The files contained here are: RawSpectraInk.zip: raw absorbance spectra of the Indian ink phantoms (Winsor & Newton, Black Indian 951) measured using a commercial spectrophotometer (PerkinElmer LAMBDA 950), between 400 and 900 nm with 0.5-nm resolution at 5 different concentrations (dilution in water) (0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 µl/ml). Spectrofluorometer_Yeast.zip. raw data of the fluorescence of baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) diluted at a concentration of 20 mg/mL at different excitation wavelength measured using a commercial luminescence spectrometer (PerkinElmer LS 55). The illumination was sequential from 300 to 700 nm at 20-nm steps. Also contains the reference fluorescence spectra accounting from water and PS contribution without any yeast, illuminated from 300 to 400 nm at 20-nm steps SpectrophotometerSpectra.mat. Absorbance spectra of human blood, horse blood and PpIX. The horse blood was defibrinated horse blood that can be easily purchased from a chemical supplier (https://uk.vwr.com/store/product/9131472/animal-blood-serum-products-for-microbiology) and the human blood was expired human red blood cells acquired from a blood bank. The data here are the absorption spectra measured using a commercial spectrophotometer (PerkinElmer Lambda 750 S). For the blood, solution of 5% blood in PBS for both blood type was prepared . Then the blood samples where fully oxygenated by bubbling O2, and by monitoring the level of dissolved oxygen (DO2) in these solutions. Once fully oxygenated, the absorbance of the solution was measured in the spectrophotometer. A second sample of deoxygenated blood was measured in the same conditions. In order to induce the deoxygenation of the solution, a small quantity of sodium dithionite was added to the oxygenated solution, and the measurement was taken after the DO2 meter reading had fallen to 0%. The PpIX (solution of 1.2mM of PpIX in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)) absorption spectra was measured with the same spectrophotometer. Variables in the file: Wavelength: the wavelength vector Spectra: the absorbance spectra of each compound Name: the name of each compound The rest of the files report measurements performed in reflectance in a diffuse media. The setup used to test the different components was a metallic container, of dimensions 27 × 15 × 16 cm. The sides and bottom of the container were coated with a matt black absorbing paint to prevent any reflections from the boundaries. To ensure precise measurements of the volume, particularly for the large volumes of basal solution required, a gravimetric approach was used, as weighing liquids is a valid and accurate method for determining volume. DO2 levels within the solutions were monitored using a calibrated oxygen probe. Solution pH was concurrently monitored using a pH probe. The entire setup was placed on a hot stirring plate complete with a temperature probe, set to maintain a constant 37°C. Constant stirring at 700 RPM ensured that the solution remained homogeneous. The optical setup was composed of a broadband light (HL-2000 UV-Vis-NIR Halogen Light Source by Ocean Optics) for the source and of a USB4000 spectrometer (Ocean Optics) for the detection. Light was guided from the light source and to the spectrometer via optical fibres with s source detector distance of 1 cm. The compositions of the baseline solution for the two phantoms is of 1400g of PBS solution (at 50mM) and 75g of Intralipid 20%. The files contained here are: SpectraPpIXalone.mat. Attenuation spectra of the PpIX (at 15uM concentration) in the baseline solution described above. Variables in the file: Wavelength: the wavelength vector Spectra: Attenuation spectra of the PpIX in the diffusive media Name: the name of the spectra DeltaA_Human_Horse_Blood.mat: Change in attenuation between oxygenated and deoxygenated blood for both horse and human blood. 5 mL of blood were added to the baseline solution. The blood was deoxygenated using N2. Variables in the file: Wavelength: the wavelength vector Spectra: Change in attenuation between deoxygenated and oxygenated blood Name: the name of the spectrum SpectraBloodPpIX.mat: Attenuation spectra of the blood with and without PpIX (same quantities as above) both for oxygenated and deoxygenated states. Variables in the file: Wavelength: the wavelength vector Spectra: the attenuation spectra Name: the name of the spectra本数据集包含用于测试高光谱系统（hyperspectral systems）的液体模体（liquid phantoms）化合物与配方的表征结果。 本次表征共涉及4类物质：印度墨水（Indian Ink）、原卟啉IX（Protoporphyrin IX, PpIX）、血液（人血与马血）以及酵母荧光物质。 本次数据集包含以下文件： RawSpectraInk.zip：包含采用商用分光光度计（PerkinElmer LAMBDA 950）测得的印度墨水模体（温莎&牛顿 黑色印度墨水951）的原始吸光度光谱，测试波长范围为400~900 nm，分辨率0.5 nm，共设置5种不同浓度（以水稀释）：0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5及0.6 µl/ml。 Spectrofluorometer_Yeast.zip：包含采用商用发光分光光度计（PerkinElmer LS 55）测得的面包酵母（酿酒酵母，Saccharomyces cerevisiae）的原始荧光数据，酵母浓度为20 mg/mL，以300~700 nm、步长20 nm的顺序进行激发。此外还包含无酵母时纯水与聚苯乙烯（PS）的参考荧光光谱，激发波长范围为300~400 nm，步长20 nm。 SpectrophotometerSpectra.mat：包含人血、马血与PpIX的吸光度光谱。 脱纤维马血可从化学品供应商处便捷购得（链接：https://uk.vwr.com/store/product/9131472/animal-blood-serum-products-for-microbiology），人血则为从血库获取的过期人红细胞。 本次数据采用商用分光光度计（PerkinElmer Lambda 750 S）测得吸收光谱。针对血液样本，分别将两种血液以5%的比例溶解于磷酸盐缓冲液（Phosphate Buffered Saline, PBS）中制备溶液。随后通过通入氧气鼓泡使血液样本完全氧合，并实时监测溶液中的溶解氧（Dissolved Oxygen, DO2）水平。待样本完全氧合后，使用分光光度计测量其吸光度。同时制备第二份脱氧血液样本，在相同条件下进行测量：向氧合溶液中加入少量连二亚硫酸钠（sodium dithionite）以诱导脱氧，待溶解氧检测仪读数降至0%后完成吸光度测量。 采用同款分光光度计测量1.2 mM PpIX二甲基亚砜（Dimethyl Sulfoxide, DMSO）溶液的吸收光谱。 该文件内包含以下变量： Wavelength：波长向量 Spectra：各化合物的吸光度光谱 Name：各化合物的名称 其余文件均为在漫反射介质中测得的反射率相关测量数据。测试所用组件的实验装置为尺寸27 × 15 × 16 cm的金属容器，容器侧壁与底部均涂覆哑光黑色吸光涂料，以避免边界反射。为精准确定溶液体积（尤其是大量基础溶液的体积），采用重量法进行测量，因为称重液体是一种可靠且精准的体积测定方法。使用校准过的氧探头实时监测溶液内的溶解氧水平，同时使用pH探头同步监测溶液pH值。整套装置放置于恒温搅拌加热板上，搭配温度探头，设置维持恒定37℃，并以700 RPM的转速持续搅拌，确保溶液均匀性。 光学装置包括宽带光源（Ocean Optics HL-2000 UV-Vis-NIR卤钨光源）与USB4000光谱仪（Ocean Optics）作为检测端。光源与光谱仪之间通过光纤传导光线，源检距离为1 cm。两种模体的基础溶液配方为：1400 g 50 mM PBS溶液与75 g 20% Intralipid。 本次数据集包含以下额外文件： SpectraPpIXalone.mat：包含上述基础溶液中15 µM浓度PpIX的衰减光谱。 该文件内包含以下变量： Wavelength：波长向量 Spectra：漫反射介质中PpIX的衰减光谱 Name：光谱名称 DeltaA_Human_Horse_Blood.mat：包含马血与人血在氧合与脱氧状态下的衰减光谱变化量。将5 mL血液加入基础溶液中，通过通入氮气使血液脱氧。 该文件内包含以下变量： Wavelength：波长向量 Spectra：脱氧与氧合血液之间的衰减光谱变化量 Name：光谱名称 SpectraBloodPpIX.mat：包含添加与未添加PpIX的血液样本（添加量与前述一致）在氧合与脱氧状态下的衰减光谱。 该文件内包含以下变量： Wavelength：波长向量 Spectra：衰减光谱 Name：光谱名称