Metabolic syndrome components are associated with oxidative stress in overweight and obese patients

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of the body mass index (BMI) and the metabolic syndrome (MetS) parameters on oxidative and nitrosative stress in overweight and obese subjects. Subjects and methods: Individuals were divided into three groups: the control group (G1, n = 131) with a BMI between 20 and 24.9 kg/m2, the overweight group (G2, n = 120) with a BMI between 25 and 29.9 kg/m2 and the obese group (G3, n = 79) with a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2. Results: G3 presented higher advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) in relation to G1 and G2 (p = 0.001 and p = 0.011, respectively) whereas G2 and G3 had lower levels of nitric oxide (NO) (p = 0.009 and p = 0.048, respectively) compared to G1. Adjusted for the presence of MetS to evaluate its influence, the levels of AOPPs did not differ between the groups, whereas NO remained significantly lower. Data adjusted by the BMI showed that subjects with higher triacylglycerol levels had higher AOPPs (p = 0.001) and decreased total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter/uric Acid (p = 0.036). Subjects with lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels and patients with higher blood pressure showed increased AOPPs (p = 0.001 and p = 0.034, respectively) and lower NO levels (p = 0.017 and p = 0.043, respectively). Subjects who presented insulin resistance had higher AOPPs (p = 0.024). Conclusions: Nitrosative stress was related to BMI, and protein oxidation and nitrosative stress were related to metabolic changes and hypertension. MetS components were essential participants in oxidative and nitrosative stress in overweight and obese subjects.摘要 研究目的：本研究旨在评估体重指数（body mass index, BMI）与代谢综合征（metabolic syndrome, MetS）相关参数对超重及肥胖受试者氧化应激与亚硝化应激的影响。研究对象与方法：将研究对象分为三组：对照组（G1，n=131），BMI范围为20~24.9 kg/m²；超重组（G2，n=120），BMI范围为25~29.9 kg/m²；肥胖组（G3，n=79），BMI≥30 kg/m²。结果：G3的晚期氧化蛋白产物（advanced oxidation protein products, AOPPs）水平高于G1与G2（分别为p=0.001和p=0.011）；与G1相比，G2与G3的一氧化氮（nitric oxide, NO）水平更低（分别为p=0.009和p=0.048）。在校正代谢综合征相关因素以评估其影响后，各组AOPPs水平无显著差异，但NO水平仍显著降低。经BMI校正后的分析显示：三酰甘油水平较高的受试者，其AOPPs水平更高（p=0.001），总自由基捕获抗氧化参数/尿酸水平降低（p=0.036）；高密度脂蛋白（high-density lipoprotein, HDL）水平较低者，以及血压较高者，AOPPs水平均升高（分别为p=0.001和p=0.034），且NO水平更低（分别为p=0.017和p=0.043）；存在胰岛素抵抗的受试者，AOPPs水平更高（p=0.024）。结论：亚硝化应激与BMI相关，而蛋白质氧化及亚硝化应激与代谢异常及高血压密切相关。代谢综合征组分是超重与肥胖受试者发生氧化应激与亚硝化应激的关键参与因素。