Versatile Macroscale Concentration Gradients of Nanoparticles in Soft Nanocomposites

Nanocomposite materials benefit from the diverse physicochemical properties featured by nanoparticles, and the presence of nanoparticle concentration gradients can lend functions to macroscopic materials beyond the realm of classical nanocomposites. It is shown here that linearity and time‐shift invariance obtained via the synergism of two independent physical phenomena—translational self‐diffusion and shear‐driven dispersion—may give access to an exceptionally high degree of flexibility in the design of scalable and programmable long‐range concentration gradients of nanoparticles in solidifiable liquid matrices.纳米复合材料（Nanocomposite materials）得益于纳米粒子（nanoparticles）所具备的多样理化性质，而纳米粒子浓度梯度的存在，能够赋予宏观材料超越经典纳米复合材料范畴的独特功能。本文研究表明，通过平移自扩散（translational self‐diffusion）与剪切驱动分散（shear‐driven dispersion）这两种独立物理现象的协同作用，可获得线性与时移不变性，这为在可固化液态基质（solidifiable liquid matrices）中设计可规模化、可编程的纳米粒子长程浓度梯度提供了极高的设计灵活性。