Summary of demographics.

Force plates are amongst the most utilised technological apparatus for monitoring acute changes in neuromuscular function in sports. Practitioners apply monitoring strategies to manage neuromuscular fatigue and physical preparedness with valid, reliable, and sensitive measures. The aim of this scoping review was to identify, map, and describe the variety of monitoring procedures which have been previously applied in research (e.g., test and metric selection, data collection, study design, and data analysis procedures). Searches were completed by 24th June 2024. One thousand, nine hundred, and seventy-eight studies were identified across four databases (PubMed, EBSCO, Clarivate web of science, and Ovid). After removing duplicates, applying the inclusion criteria, and scouring the reference lists of remaining studies, a final total of thirty studies of within-group repeated measures design were used in this review. Major differences were identified across all aspects of studies methodologies, such as in subject demographics (e.g., sex, sport, and competitive level), data collection protocols (e.g., force plate hardware utilised, test and metric selection, verbal cues, and provision of information regarding testing surface, familiarisation and warm-up provided, the process of zeroing force plates between trials, and weighing of subjects during trials), and study design (e.g., reference physical activity investigated, time of season, testing timepoints, and training load determination). A general lack of reporting and uniformity in metric definitions, metric calculations, and phase terminology was identified across studies. For example, two separate calculations were reported for “peak force” across studies, as either “the maximum force achieved throughout the entirety of the trial”, or as “the maximum force achieved during the propulsion phase”. The latter calculation was also utilised for “peak concentric force” in a separate study. Thus, an accurate comparison of results across studies (e.g., via meta-analysis) and forming any generalized conclusions about the application of specific tests and metrics for monitoring acute changes in neuromuscular function using force plates was premature at this time. The information presented in this review will contribute towards forming a rationale for the data collection, study design, and data analysis protocols for future research on monitoring acute changes in neuromuscular function using force plates.测力台（force plate）是体育领域中用于监测神经肌肉功能急性变化的最常用技术设备之一。运动从业者会采用经过验证、可靠且敏感的监测策略，以管理神经肌肉疲劳与身体备战状态。本范围综述（scoping review）的目的，在于识别、梳理并描述此前研究中所采用的各类监测流程，例如测试与指标选择、数据采集、研究设计以及数据分析流程。 检索工作于2024年6月24日前完成。本次检索从PubMed、EBSCO、科睿唯安Web of Science（Clarivate Web of Science）以及Ovid四大数据库中共检索出1978篇文献。在剔除重复文献、纳入符合标准的文献，并检索剩余文献的参考文献列表后，本综述最终纳入30项采用组内重复测量设计的研究。 研究方法的各个维度均存在显著差异，例如受试者人口学特征（如性别、运动项目与竞技水平）、数据采集方案（如所用测力台硬件、测试与指标选择、口头提示、测试台面信息告知、熟悉流程与热身安排、试验间测力台清零流程以及试验中受试者体重测量）以及研究设计（如所研究的参考身体活动类型、赛季阶段、测试时间点以及训练负荷确定方式）。 现有研究普遍存在指标定义、指标计算方法以及阶段术语报告不统一、缺乏规范的问题。例如，不同研究对“峰值力（peak force）”存在两种不同的计算方式：一是“整个试验过程中达到的最大力值”，二是“推进阶段达到的最大力值”；另有研究将后者的计算方式用于“峰值向心力（peak concentric force）”的计算。因此，当下开展跨研究结果的精准对比（如通过元分析（meta-analysis）），并就测力台用于监测神经肌肉功能急性变化的特定测试与指标应用得出普适性结论，仍为时过早。 本综述所呈现的信息，将为未来采用测力台监测神经肌肉功能急性变化的相关研究在数据采集、研究设计与数据分析方案的制定提供理论依据。