THE INSTITUTION OF MARITAL MAINTENANCE (NAFAQAH) IN AL-MARGHINANI'S "AL-HIDAYAH" AS A BASIS FOR WOMEN'S ECONOMIC AGENCY IN ISLAMIC FAMILY LAW

The article provides a historical and legal analysis of the institution of marital maintenance (nafaqah) based on the fundamental work of Burhanuddin al-Marghinani, “Al-Hidayah”. The study aims to reinterpret the classic norms of Hanafi fiqh within the context of contemporary debates on women’s rights protection and the prevention of economic abuse within the family. The author argues that in al-Marghinani’s doctrine, the husband's maintenance obligations during marriage are treated not as charity, but as an unconditional legal duty arising in exchange for marital status. Special attention is paid to the principle of separation of property, where full financial provision by the husband allows the wife to accumulate personal capital and act as an independent economic agent.本文基于布尔汉丁·马尔吉纳尼（Burhanuddin al-Marghinani）的奠基性著作《正道》（Al-Hidayah），对婚姻扶养制度（nafaqah）展开历史与法律层面的剖析。本研究旨在结合当代妇女权利保护与防治家庭经济虐待的讨论语境，重新诠释哈乃斐教法学派（Hanafi fiqh）的经典规范。作者提出，在马尔吉纳尼的法学理论中，丈夫在婚姻存续期间的扶养义务并非慈善之举，而是基于婚姻身份产生的无条件法律责任。研究特别关注分别财产制原则：丈夫全额承担经济供养责任，可使妻子积累个人资产并作为独立的经济主体行事。