Marine Bioinvasion: Ecological Risks and Implications for Maritime Safet

Ballast water is essential for the stabilization of ships, ensuring the safety of the vessel, cargo and crew. This practice is crucial for controlling the ship’s draft, keeping the vessel upright and preventing it from listing. Despite its importance for navigation, ballast water is the main cause of marine bioinvasion. When ships carry ballast water, aquatic organisms are moved from their local communities to new ecosystems, which can result in the introduction of exotic species that threaten local biodiversity. The global maritime sector transports a variety of species in its ballast water every day, and this introduction can cause ecological imbalances, negatively affecting coastal economic activities. In addition, ballast water can contain pathogens, posing risks to public health. Awareness of the impacts on marine ecosystems is essential, as is the development of biocide-free antifouling research and the implementation of ballast water treatment systems.

压载水（Ballast Water）对维持船舶稳性至关重要，可保障船舶、货物及船员的安全。该操作对于控制船舶吃水、保持船体直立并防止倾斜具有关键作用。尽管其对航行至关重要，但压载水却是海洋生物入侵的主要诱因。当船舶携带压载水时，水生生物会从其原生群落被转移至全新的生态系统，进而可能引入外来物种，威胁当地生物多样性。全球海事领域每日均通过压载水输送各类物种，此类物种引入会引发生态失衡，对沿海经济活动造成负面影响。此外，压载水中可能携带病原体，对公众健康构成威胁。充分认识其对海洋生态系统的影响至关重要，研发无杀生剂防污技术以及推广压载水处理系统同样不可或缺。