South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal Income Dynamics Study (KIDS), 1993-1998

This dataset combines the KwaZulu-Natal portion of the first South African national household survey, the Project for Statistics on Living Standards and Development (PSLSD), which was undertaken in the last half of 1993 under the leadership of the Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit at the University of Cape Town with a re-survey of the same households from March to June 1998. Combining these two surveys yields a panel dataset in which the same individuals and households have been interviewed at two points in time. In 1993, the KwaZulu-Natal portion of the PSLSD sample was representative at the provincial level, conditional on the accuracy of the 1991 census and other information used for the sampling frame, and contained 1519 households of all races. It was decided not to re-survey the small number of white (112) and colored (53) households in 1998. So the 1998 sample includes only African and Indian households.The 1993 survey was an integrated household survey similar in design to a World Bank Living Standards Measurement Survey. The main component was a comprehensive household survey that collected a broad array of information on the socio-economic condition of households and included sections on household demographics, household environment, education, food and non-food expenditures, remittances, employment and income, agricultural activities, health, and anthropometry. The 1998 household questionnaire largely followed the 1993 version with a few important changes: (1) greater focus on individual ownership of assets and control over their use; (2) expanded emphasis on those individuals not living in the household but economically linked to it; (3) four new sections on economic shocks, social capital, assets brought to marriage, and household decisionmaking. Community surveys were also completed in both years; the 1998 community questionnaire included new sections on economic shocks and social capital in addition to sections on local economic activity, infrastructure, and prices. This dataset, along with the Bangladesh Commercial Vegetable and Fish Polyculture Production dataset and the Strengthening and Evaluation of the Hogares Comunitarios Program in Guatemala City dataset, were collected with the objective of examining to what extent intrahousehold allocation processes would affect the outcome of development policies, with particular emphasis on gender as a determinant of intrahousehold allocation. Because the data were designed to make some analyses comparable across countries, several modules are similar for all three datasets. The common modules include: information on assets at marriage of husband and wife, family background information, individual education and anthropometric data. Other modules are different because each country study has a different emphasis.

本数据集整合了南非首次全国住户调查——生活标准与发展统计项目（Project for Statistics on Living Standards and Development, PSLSD）的夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省子样本数据，该子样本于1993年下半年由开普敦大学南非劳工与发展研究组（Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit）牵头实施，并补充了1998年3月至6月对同一批住户的追踪回访数据。合并两轮调查数据后可得到面板数据集，其中同一住户与个人在两个时间节点均接受了访谈。
1993年PSLSD调查的夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省子样本以省级层面为代表性基准，该代表性依赖于1991年人口普查及抽样框所用其他信息的准确性，共涵盖1519户各类族裔住户。研究团队于1998年决定不对占比极少的白人住户（112户）与有色人种住户（53户）进行回访，因此1998年的子样本仅包含非洲裔与印度裔住户。
1993年调查为一体化住户调查，设计框架与世界银行生活标准测量调查（Living Standards Measurement Survey）相仿。其核心模块为全面住户调查，可采集住户社会经济状况的多维度信息，涵盖住户人口特征、居住环境、教育状况、食品与非食品支出、汇款情况、就业与收入、农业生产活动、健康状况以及人体测量学数据等板块。
1998年住户问卷大体沿用1993年版本，但作出三项关键调整：其一，强化了对个人资产所有权与使用权的关注；其二，拓展了对非同住但存在经济关联的家庭成员的调研维度；其三，新增了经济冲击、社会资本、婚嫁携入资产以及家庭决策四大板块。两轮调查均同步开展了社区层面调研；1998年社区问卷除保留当地经济活动、基础设施与物价相关板块外，新增了经济冲击与社会资本两大模块。
本数据集与孟加拉国商业化蔬菜与鱼类混养生产数据集、危地马拉城社区家庭项目强化与评估数据集，均服务于同一研究目标：探究家庭内部资源配置进程对发展政策实施效果的影响程度，其中特别关注性别作为家庭内部资源配置决定因素的作用。由于本次数据集的设计初衷是实现跨国分析的可比性，三类数据集共享多个调研模块：包括夫妻婚嫁时的资产状况、家庭背景信息、个人教育水平与人体测量学数据。其余模块则因各国研究侧重点不同而存在差异。