The Wear Performance of Glazed and Polished Full Contour Zirconia

Abstract This study evaluated the influence of zirconia surface finishes on the wear of an enamel analogue. 40 zirconia discs were divided into four groups: control (without finish); glazed; polished; polished and glazed. All samples were subjected to wear against steatite antagonists. The specimens underwent roughness, topographic, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and wettability analyses. Quantitative wear measurements were performed on both steatites and discs. To measure wear of steatites the weight before and after the test and the diameter after the test were used. Profilometer measurements were performed to determine the wear on discs. Roughness, volumetric wear and mass loss were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (5%), while contact angle values were analyzed with One-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (5%). The polished group had the lowest roughness means, being statistically different from the other groups (p-value=0.0001). The glazed group presented the lowest steatite volumetric wear (p-value=0.0001), but not statistically different from the polished and glazed group, whereas these groups presented the highest zirconia volumetric wear, with statistically different (p-value=0.0002) compared to the others. SEM showed irregularities on the control groups surface, grooves on the polished group, and a homogeneous surface for the glazed group with a few pores. All groups presented contact angles lower than 90 degrees, characterizing hydrophilic surfaces. It can be concluded that just glazed zirconia caused less wear on the antagonist when compared to no finish and polished zirconia.摘要 本研究评估了氧化锆（zirconia）表面处理方式对牙釉质模拟物磨损性能的影响。将40个氧化锆圆盘分为4组：对照组（未做表面处理）、上釉组、抛光组、抛光后上釉组。所有试件均与滑石瓷对颌试件开展磨损测试。对所有标本进行粗糙度、形貌、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）及润湿性分析。分别对滑石瓷试件与氧化锆圆盘进行定量磨损测量：滑石瓷试件的磨损量通过测试前后的质量差以及测试后的直径计算得到；氧化锆圆盘的磨损量则通过轮廓仪测量获得。采用克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验与邓恩检验（显著性水平为5%）分析粗糙度、体积磨损量及质量损失数据；采用单因素方差分析与图基检验（显著性水平为5%）分析接触角数据。抛光组的粗糙度均值最低，且与其余三组均存在统计学差异（p值=0.0001）。上釉组的滑石瓷体积磨损量最低（p值=0.0001），但与抛光后上釉组无统计学差异；而抛光组与抛光后上釉组的氧化锆体积磨损量最高，与其余两组存在统计学差异（p值=0.0002）。扫描电子显微镜观察显示，对照组试件表面存在不规则形貌，抛光组表面可见划痕，上釉组表面则呈现均匀形貌且仅存在少量孔隙。所有组别试件的接触角均低于90°，表明其表面为亲水表面。综上，与未处理组及抛光组氧化锆相比，仅上釉处理的氧化锆可使对颌试件的磨损程度更低。