A Microfluidic Colorimetric Biosensor Integrated with Water-Soluble Nonwoven Fabrics for Collection and Detection of Bacterial Aerosols

Bioaerosols constitute a major route of disease transmission, necessitating effective detection methods for public health protection. In this study, a microfluidic colorimetric biosensor integrated with the water-soluble nonwoven fabrics (WS-NWFs) was innovatively developed for the collection and detection of bacterial aerosols. The WS-NWFs made of poly­(vinyl alcohol) with good biocompatibility and water solubility were used to collect the bacterial aerosols, which eliminated the need for mechanical or chemical elution, enabling direct release of collected bacteria, thereby maximizing the recovery rate. The immune magnetic nanobeads (MNBs) and Pd/Pt nanozymes were employed to specifically separate and label the collected bacteria, achieving enrichment of the collected bacteria and amplification of the biological signal. Meanwhile, the microfluidic colorimetric biosensor with a multivortex micromixer integrated bacterial separation, labeling, washing, catalysis, and detection, realizing the quantitative determination of bacterial aerosols. The proposed biosensor provides a rapid, specific, sensitive, and in-field solution for real-time monitoring of pathogenic bioaerosols in public health settings.生物气溶胶（Bioaerosols）是疾病传播的主要途径之一，亟需开发有效的检测手段以保障公共卫生安全。本研究创新性地研制了一种集成水溶性非织造布（water-soluble nonwoven fabrics, WS-NWFs）的微流控比色生物传感器，用于细菌气溶胶的采集与检测。该WS-NWFs以聚乙烯醇（poly(vinyl alcohol)）为原料，具备优异的生物相容性与水溶性，可直接捕获细菌气溶胶，无需机械或化学洗脱步骤即可释放所捕获的细菌，从而最大化细菌回收率。研究采用免疫磁性纳米微球（immune magnetic nanobeads, MNBs）与钯/铂纳米酶（Pd/Pt nanozymes）对捕获的细菌进行特异性分离与标记，实现了目标细菌的富集与生物信号扩增。与此同时，该微流控比色生物传感器搭载多涡旋微混合器（multivortex micromixer），集成了细菌分离、标记、清洗、催化与检测全流程，可实现细菌气溶胶的定量检测。所提出的生物传感器可为公共卫生场景下致病性生物气溶胶的实时监测提供一种快速、特异、灵敏且可现场部署的解决方案。