Analysis of the current status and influencing factors of vaccination against respiratory infectious diseases among elderly people in Zhejiang Province

Objective The objective of this study is to assess the current status of vaccination against respiratory disease among the elderly and analyze the factors influencing vaccination rates at both service provider and recipient levels in Zhejiang Province.Methods The study employed a stratified random sampling method, conducting a questionnaire survey among elderly individuals and immunization program staff across four levels in 30 townships/streets in Zhejiang Province. Descriptive analysis was applied to interpret survey results, while chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression analysis were utilized to analyze influencing factors of vaccination among the elderly.Results Coverage rates in survey population were observed to be 42.70%, 20.04%, and 90.38% for influenza vaccine, pneumonia vaccine, and COVID-19 vaccine, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that awareness of the severity of respiratory infectious diseases and awareness of vaccines against such diseases were motivating factors for elderly individuals to receive influenza, pneumonia, and COVID-19 vaccines. Additionally, factors such as old age, marital status (divorced or widowed), non-farming occupation, underlying health conditions, and allergic constitution were identified as obstacles for the elderly in receiving the COVID-19 vaccine.Conclusion Vaccination rates for influenza and pneumonia vaccines among the elderly in Zhejiang Province are suboptimal. To enhance awareness of respiratory infectious diseases and increase vaccination rates, there is a need to intensify health education and conduct diverse forms of public awareness campaigns.