Time-Series Dataset of Biological Carbon Pump and Amino Acid δ13C fingerprints in the Northern South China Sea Basin

This dataset serves as a supporting data resource for the upcoming published paper entitled "Cyanobacteria Sustain Deep Ocean Carbon Sequestration Despite Eukaryotic Loss". It contains time-series observational data collected from the northern South China Sea (SCS) basin, including net primary productivity (NPP), particulate organic carbon (POC) flux, total hydrolysable amino acid (THAA) flux, sequestration efficiency (Seff) of biological carbon pump, THAA carbon percentage in POC (THAA-C%), as well as stable carbon isotope values of bulk POC (δ13Cbulk) and individual amino acid species (δ13CAA). The arithmetic means of four essential amino acids (EAAs) and five non-essential amino acids (NEAAs) were calculated as δ13CEAA and δ13CNEAA, respectively. Full details on field sampling, experimental procedures, analytical methods, and data quality control are provided in the Method section of the associated manuscript, to which readers may refer for comprehensive technical information.