Digital Transformation and Tax Uncertainty

A-share listed companies of the Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges from 2008 to 2023 were selected to comprise the research sample. Considering the particularity of the industry characteristics, the financial industry, special treatment companies, and missing data of variables were eliminated. Moreover, the final research sample contained 14,048 firm-year observations. All continuous variables were winsorized at the 1 and 99% levels.
Financial and tax risk data were obtained from the China Stock Market and Accounting Research and Wind databases. The data of enterprise digital transformation were obtained using Python technology through text analysis.

自2008年至2023年，选取了上海证券交易所和深圳证券交易所的A股上市公司作为研究样本。鉴于行业特性的特殊性，排除了金融行业、特殊处理公司和变量缺失的数据。此外，最终的研究样本包含14,048个企业-年度观测值。所有连续变量均在1%和99%的水平上进行了Winsorize处理。财务和税务风险数据来源于中国股票市场与会计研究数据库以及Wind数据库。企业数字化转型数据则通过Python技术进行文本分析获取。