EFFECT OF TYPE OF MILKING AND ENVIRONMENT ON THE RAW MILK QUALITY BASED ON SOMATIC CELLS COUNT

Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the type of milking and the environment on raw milk quality by identification of Somatic Cells Count - CCS in the samples obtained from farms in the mesoregion of south goiano and correlate it with the different types of milk, milk components, and time of year. The research was developed in 229 farms associated with the Catalão Cooperative, divided for types of milking: manual and mechanical. A monthly sample was collected in each property in the expansion tank, totaling 8244 samples. Mechanical milking presented the highest number of samples with CCS > 500.000 cells / mL. There was a positive correlation between CCS and fat and total solids - TS, but there was a negative correlation between CCS and protein and lactose. During the rainy season CCS increased compared to dry season. Also, the rise of temperature and humidity index - THI caused a reduction in fat and TS. In conclusion, hand milking was more feasible to obtain the milk CCS parameters required by the legislation and CCS and milk components suffer interference from the time of the year.

摘要：本研究旨在通过检测采自戈亚斯州南部中宏观区域各牧场的乳样中的体细胞计数（Somatic Cells Count，下称CCS），评估挤奶方式与养殖环境对原料乳品质的影响，并将该指标与不同挤奶方式、乳成分及季节时段进行关联分析。本研究共纳入卡塔朗合作社（Catalão Cooperative）旗下的229家牧场，按挤奶方式分为手工挤奶与机械挤奶两组。各牧场每月于挤奶系统膨胀罐中采集样本，累计获取8244份乳样。机械挤奶组中CCS＞500000个/mL的样本数量最多。CCS与乳脂、总固体（Total Solids，下称TS）呈正相关，而与乳蛋白及乳糖呈负相关。雨季的CCS水平较旱季有所升高。此外，温湿度指数（Temperature and Humidity Index，下称THI）的升高会导致乳脂与TS含量降低。综上，手工挤奶更易获得符合法规要求的CCS指标，且CCS与乳成分均受季节时段的干扰影响。