Regional different regulations in development of human cortex and pons revealed by single cell transcriptome

Neurons showed both spatial and temporal distinctions while glial cells were much uniform among the regions. We captured the developmental course of oligodendrocytes and found human specific cell state comparing to that in mouse. A new subcluster of NPCs were identified in particular embryonic weeks from GW11 to GW14, which destinated to deeper layers. We specified the progress of human deeper layer, upper layer and mature neuron genesis along the time and their intrinsic regulations. Regional characters was revealed both for cortical regions and the pons. With the systematic single cell analysis, we uncovered human embryonic neural development on both temporal and spatial scale, which offered deeper insights into the human neurogenesis and cortical development. Here we did single cell transcriptome profiling on the four cortical lobes along the human embryonic development. Moreover, to interpret the evolution level of the cerebral cortex, we also compared the neuronal developmental processes in the cortex to those in the pons, which is evolutionarily more conserved in human.