Phenotypic variation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes based on qualitative and quantitative traits.

The original data were collected from five plants of each accession during the whole vegetation period in two years, from the field experiment and after harvesting in the lab. Each plant was observed for beginning of different phenological phase and recorded. Based on this information we will be able to select the most earliness accessions, those with medium maturation and the ones with late maturity, in case we need such plant material. Having in mind the climatic changes, like high summer temperature, low air humidity and luck of rainfall, under which Phaseolus plants are suffering during vegetation, this leads to low yield production with low quality. The collected plants were measured for already listed in the article morphological traits. Based on different statistical analyses we are able select accessions with high plant height, with high 1st pod heightq when the purpose is for mechanization for harvesting. To increase yield production we will focus on higher number of pods and weight of pods per plant, bigger number of seeds per pod. If our aim is to satisfy the farmers' preferences. We also need to focus on traits concerning the qualitative traits of seed production, namely color, size and shape. Based on the obtained results several genotypes were selected with extreme values of studied characters.

本研究的原始数据采集自两年全生育期内的每份种质材料（accession）的5株植株，数据来源于田间试验与实验室收获后环节。对每株植株的各物候期（phenological phase）起始节点进行观测并记录。基于上述观测数据，可按需筛选极早熟、中熟及晚熟的种质材料。考虑到菜豆属（Phaseolus）植物生育期内常遭遇夏季高温、空气湿度偏低及降雨匮乏等不利气候条件，这将导致其产量降低、品质下降。针对本文已列明的形态性状（morphological traits），对采集的植株开展了测定。通过多种统计分析，可筛选出株高与第一荚位高度适配收获机械化需求的种质材料。若以提升产量为目标，则需重点关注单株荚数多、单株荚重高及单荚粒数多的优异种质材料。若需契合农户的种植偏好，则还需关注种子生产的相关品质性状，即种子颜色、粒大小与粒形。基于最终研究结果，已筛选出若干在所测性状上表现极端的基因型（genotypes）。