Post-birth, 6-month, and 18-month health and well-being outcomes among all participants (N = 1157), summarized by intervention arm: intervention (N = 608) vs. control (N = 549).¹

1Sample size reflects participants available post-birth, at 6 months, or at 18 months (N = 1157). Exclusively post-birth outcomes are indicated usingPB; other outcomes' assessment times are indicated in the outcome description. Sample sizes for each assessment: Post-birth assessment: intervention (N = 606), control (N = 546, including 452 regular-entry controls and all 94 late-entry controls), total (N = 1152). 6-month assessment: intervention (N = 573), control (N = 509, including 434 regular-entry controls and 75 late-entry controls with infants older than 4 months), total (N = 1082). 18-month assessment: intervention (N = 543), control (N = 496, including 410 regular-entry controls and 86 late-entry controls, both assessed using the 18-month assessment), total (N = 1039). 2Random effects logistic regression, adjusted for neighbourhood clustering. Models for outcomes among HIV+ mothers control for baseline employment. 1-sided p-value used in the binomial test; 2-sided p-value used in the secondary analysis of individual outcomes. 3Measures assessed for mothers with a current sexual partner: Post-birth through 18 months: intervention (N = 607), control (N = 537), total (N = 1144); 6 through 18 months: intervention (N = 512), control (N = 469), total (N = 981). 4Measures assessed for HIV+ mothers: intervention (N = 185), control (N = 170), total (N = 355). 5Bayley assessment: intervention (N = 275), control (N = 244), total (N = 519). 6Post-birth complications include heavy vaginal bleeding, malodorous discharge, fever, persistent cough, and breast infection. 7Median number of close friends or relatives: 2. Median frequency of contact in past month: 7. *1-sided, upper tail p<0.025. Post-birth, 6-month, and 18-month health and well-being outcomes among all participants (N = 1157), summarized by intervention arm: intervention (N = 608) vs. control (N = 549).1