Facile Design and Fabrication of Superwetting Surfaces with Excellent Wear-Resistance

Preparation of mechanically durable superwetting surfaces is imperative, yet challenging for the wide range of real applications where high durability is required. Mechanical wear on superwetting surfaces usually degrades weak roughness, leading to loss of functions. In this study, wear-resistant superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces are prepared by anchoring reinforced coatings via adhesive-swelling and adhesive-bonding processes, respectively. The results of the sandpaper abrasion (grit no. 600, 24 kPa) show that superhydrophilic nylon/SiO2 coatings and superhydrophobic polyurethane/TiO2 coatings retain their functions after suffering the abrasion distances of 70 cm and more than 1000 cm, respectively. Reinforced coatings formed by consecutive roughness and improved adhesion between coatings and substrates are responsible for repeatedly generated superwettability after exposure to mechanical stresses and demonstrated to be feasible for designing wear-resistant superwetting surfaces. Furthermore, this novel architecture of “reinforced coating with consecutive roughness + high adhesion” may demand desired coating materials and reliable coating-fixing techniques for sustaining sufficient roughness and is superior to currently existing technologies in advancing wear-resistance of superwetting surfaces.制备机械耐用的超润湿表面（mechanically durable superwetting surfaces），对于众多要求高耐用性的实际应用场景而言至关重要，却极具挑战。超润湿表面所承受的机械磨损往往会破坏其脆弱的粗糙结构，进而导致功能丧失。本研究分别通过胶溶胀（adhesive-swelling）和胶接（adhesive-bonding）工艺锚固增强涂层，成功制备出耐磨超亲水（superhydrophilic）/水下超疏油（underwater superoleophobic）以及超疏水（superhydrophobic）表面。600目砂纸（24 kPa）磨损实验结果显示，超亲水尼龙/二氧化硅（SiO₂）涂层与超疏水聚氨酯（polyurethane）/二氧化钛（TiO₂）涂层，分别在经受70 cm及1000 cm以上的磨损距离后，仍可保留原有功能。由连续粗糙结构构成且涂层与基底间粘附性能得以提升的增强涂层，能够在机械应力作用下反复恢复超润湿性能，证实其可用于设计耐磨超润湿表面。此外，这种"连续粗糙结构增强涂层+高粘附性"的新型结构，可为维持足够粗糙结构所需的理想涂层材料与可靠的固涂工艺提供支撑，且在提升超润湿表面耐磨性能方面优于当前现有技术。