Network Model of Water Supply and Wastewater System Connectivity in California for Water Demand and Conservation Forecasting

Urban water management systems connect water supply, wastewater, and stormwater infrastructure. In California, over 400 water supply agencies provide water to 36 million people living in cities and suburbs. The wastewater generated by homes, businesses, and industrial facilities is managed by hundreds of wastewater collection, treatment, reuse, and recovery systems. A network model of system-level connectivity to water supply and wastewater infrastructure was developed to simulate how changes in water demand affect downstream flows in wastewater collection, treatment, and reuse systems. The model was created to estimate potential impacts to flow in wastewater management systems from water use efficiency and conservation by linking where water is used to the collection systems and wastewater treatment/reuse facilities where it is managed and recovered. The model was used to support regulatory rulemaking for California’s “Making Water Conservation a Way of Life” associated with Assembly Bill 1668 and Senate Bill 606 (AB 1668-SB 606). Details of the model’s development and use were presented in public workshops in December 2021 and May 2022, which can be found at this link: https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/conservation_portal/regs/water_efficiency_legislation.html

城市水管理系统衔接供水、污水及雨水基础设施。在美国加利福尼亚州，超400家供水机构为生活在城市与郊区的3600万民众提供供水服务。家庭、商业场所及工业设施产生的污水，由数百套污水收集、处理、回用与资源化系统进行管控。本研究构建了一套面向供水与污水基础设施的系统级连通性网络模型，用于模拟需水量变化对污水收集、处理及回用系统下游水流的影响。该模型通过将用水点位与负责管控、回收处理污水的收集系统及污水处理/回用设施进行关联，旨在评估用水效率提升与节水措施对污水管理系统水流的潜在影响。本模型被用于支撑加利福尼亚州与"议会法案1668"（Assembly Bill 1668，AB 1668）及"参议院法案606"（Senate Bill 606，SB 606）相关的"将节水奉为生活方式"（Making Water Conservation a Way of Life）监管法规的制定工作。该模型的开发与应用细节已在2021年12月及2022年5月的公开研讨会上公布，相关内容可通过以下链接获取：https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/conservation_portal/regs/water_efficiency_legislation.html