RESCCUE (RESilience to cope with Climate Change in Urban arEas) EU Project - WP1 Data

These files contain the data generated for the Work Package 1 of the RESCCUE project. RESCCUE project was devised to analyse future urban impacts due to climate change so as to improve resilience of three target cities: Barcelona, Bristol and Lisbon. To achieve that, future climate projections and changes in extreme events were obtained at a local scale for the Work Package 1. Several past studies were analysed to identify all the climate variables and extreme events that could affect urban areas, e.g. heavy rainfall, heat waves and storm surge. All available meteorological observations in the considered areas were collected and filtered through several tests (general consistency, outliers and inhomogeneities) in order to handle datasets long enough and of good quality. As a way to obtain the best input possible, every valid station was extended in time by downscaling process with the ERA-Interim reanalysis. Future climate projections were obtained for ten different global climate models considering two of the main Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) established in the last IPCC report. These models were downscaled through a sophisticated statistical methods (analogous stratification and transfer functions among others) to project local climate according to the identified climate drivers: temperature, precipitation, wind, relative humidity, sea level pressure, potential evapotranspiration, snowfall, wave height and sea level; and for both climate and decadal timescales. Already downscaled models were first validated for the method and afterwards verified, obtaining small errors and good coherent simulations. Extreme events of the main climate drivers were obtained and analysed for both historical and future scenarios through the combination of several statistical methods as well as through the analysis of several teleconnectionpatterns. Derived events such as heat waves, drought, snowstorms, storm surges, wave height among others were afterwards inferred for climate, decadal and seasonal scale. <strong>FILES</strong> The data generated have been grouped into three different files, one for each studied area: the hydrological basin of the rivers Ter and Llobregat (the area that influences Barcelona), the geographical area between England and South Wales (the area that influences Bristol) and the Lisbon area. Each of the files contains a self-explanatory file detailing the structure of the information contained and the way in which it is provided. <strong>ABOUT THE RESCCUE PROJECT</strong> The RESCCUE project, Resilience to cope with Climate Change in Urban Areas, –a multisectorial approach focusing on water– aims to provide practical and innovative models and tools to end-users facing climate change challenges to build more resilient cities. The project provides tools to assess urban resilience from a multisectorial approach, for current and future climate scenarios and including multiple hazards. This holistic approach to urban resilience will enable city managers and urban systems operators to decide the optimal investments to cope with future situations. For more information, please visit www.resccue.eu本数据集包含RESCCUE项目第一工作包（Work Package 1）所生成的全部数据。RESCCUE项目旨在剖析气候变化引发的未来城市影响，进而提升三座目标城市——巴塞罗那、布里斯托尔与里斯本的气候韧性。 为达成该项目目标，第一工作包获取了局地尺度的未来气候预估与极端事件变化数据。研究团队梳理了既往多项研究成果，以识别所有可能对城市区域产生影响的气候变量与极端事件，例如强降雨、热浪与风暴潮。研究人员收集了目标区域内所有可用的气象观测数据，并通过整体一致性检验、异常值检验与非均一性检验等多类质控流程进行筛选，以获得时长充足、质量可靠的数据集。为获取最优输入数据，研究团队借助ERA-Interim再分析（reanalysis）资料，通过降尺度（downscaling）处理对所有有效气象站点的观测序列进行时间延拓。 研究基于IPCC最新报告中确立的两种主流典型浓度路径（Representative Concentration Pathways，RCP4.5与RCP8.5），选取10套不同的全球气候模型（Global Climate Model，GCM）获取了未来气候预估数据。研究采用相似分层法、传递函数法等多种复杂统计方法对上述全球气候模型进行降尺度处理，基于已识别的气候驱动因子（包括气温、降水、风速、相对湿度、海平面气压、潜在蒸散发（potential evapotranspiration）、降雪、浪高与海平面高度），针对气候与年代际两种时间尺度开展局地气候预估。 经降尺度处理后的模型首先针对所用方法进行了有效性验证，随后又开展了实测验证，结果显示模型误差较小，模拟结果具备良好的一致性。研究结合多种统计方法与多种遥相关型（teleconnection patterns）分析，对历史与未来情景下主要气候驱动因子对应的极端事件进行了提取与剖析。随后，研究针对气候、年代际与季节三种时间尺度，推导得到热浪、干旱、暴风雪、风暴潮、浪高等衍生极端事件序列。 <strong>数据集文件说明</strong> 本项目生成的数据被划分为三个数据文件，分别对应三座研究城市的影响区域：特河与略夫雷加特河流域（影响巴塞罗那的区域）、英格兰与南威尔士之间的地理区域（影响布里斯托尔的区域）以及里斯本区域。每个数据文件均附带一份自说明文档，详细介绍了文件内包含的信息结构与数据提供方式。 <strong>关于RESCCUE项目</strong> RESCCUE项目全称为“城市区域气候变化韧性应对（Resilience to cope with Climate Change in Urban Areas）”，是一项以水为核心的多部门协作项目，旨在为面临气候变化挑战的终端用户提供实用且创新的模型与工具，助力建设更具韧性的城市。本项目提供的工具可从多部门视角出发，针对当前与未来气候情景开展城市韧性评估，且覆盖多种灾害类型。这种城市韧性的整体性研究思路，可帮助城市管理者与城市系统运营者制定最优投资方案，以应对未来的各类挑战。如需了解更多信息，请访问www.resccue.eu