Genetic and cytological diversity in cherry tree accessions ( Eugenia involucrata DC) in Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the genetic and cytological diversity and stability of 35 cherry tree accessions collected in Rio Grande do Sul. We used 15 RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) molecular markers and performed cytological analysis and number count of anthers. Analyses of genetic diversity allowed the separation of accessions into four groups, resulting in an average of 8.93 bands per primer amplified, 7.89 polymorphic bands, 88.08% of polymorphism and 86% of genetic similarity. Cytological analyses of gametic cells allowed for the characterization of accessions as diploids with n=11. In these, the average of meiotic cells considered normal was 82.12%; average pollen viability was 92.44% and in vitro germination was 40.26%; the average number of anthers was 161.85 anthers/flowers. Therefore, the accessions evaluated showed high genetic similarity and cytological stability and can be used in commercial plantations or hybridizations.摘要 本研究旨在评估采自南里奥格兰德州（Rio Grande do Sul）的35份樱桃种质资源的遗传、细胞学多样性与稳定性。本研究采用15个RAPD（随机扩增多态性DNA，Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA）分子标记，开展细胞学分析与花药数量统计。遗传多样性分析可将供试种质划分为4个类群；每引物平均扩增出8.93条带，其中多态性条带7.89条，多态率达88.08%，遗传相似性均值为86%。配子体细胞学分析显示，供试种质均为二倍体，染色体基数n=11；其中正常减数分裂细胞平均占比为82.12%，花粉活力平均为92.44%，体外萌发率为40.26%；单花平均花药数为161.85枚。综上，本次评估的供试种质遗传相似性较高且细胞学稳定性良好，可应用于商业化种植或杂交育种工作。