Classification of cooperation modes.

With the development of automotive intelligence, vehicle manufacturers and technology companies have engaged in cross-industry cooperative research and development (R&D), leading to new cooperative R&D models. In this context, this paper develops game-theoretic models for four distinct cooperative frameworks: the technology-dominant model, the supplier-cooperation model, the manufacturer-dominant model, and the joint decision-making model. This paper aims to explore the conditions under which different cooperative R&D models are applicable and examines the strategic choices associated with each model. The results indicate that if a company is a core industry player, the core component supplier should select the technology-dominant model, while the vehicle manufacturer should choose the manufacturer-dominant model. If it is not a core player, the joint decision-making model is the next best choice. If the goal of R&D cooperation is achieving a high level of intelligence rather than short-term profits, the manufacturer-dominant model is more suitable. Though price wars may emerge, under the technology-dominant model, the supply chain adopts a quality strategy. Across the other three models, quality strategies remain consistent. As the consumer price sensitivity coefficient increases, the supply chain is more likely to adopt both quality and low-price strategies simultaneously. These findings offer valuable insights for making R&D and pricing strategy decisions under cross-organizational cooperative models in the intelligent vehicle supply chain.随着汽车智能化的发展，汽车制造商与科技企业纷纷开展跨行业合作研发（Research and Development，简称R&D），催生了多种新型合作研发模式。在此背景下，本文针对四类差异化合作框架构建了博弈论模型，分别为技术主导型模式、供应商协作型模式、制造商主导型模式以及联合决策型模式。本文旨在探究不同合作研发模式的适用条件，并剖析各模式对应的战略选择。研究结果表明：若企业属于行业核心主体，则核心零部件供应商应选择技术主导型模式，而汽车制造商则应采用制造商主导型模式；若企业并非行业核心主体，则联合决策型模式为最优次选方案。若合作研发的目标是实现高水平智能化而非短期盈利，则制造商主导型模式更为适配。尽管技术主导型模式下可能爆发价格战，但该模式下供应链将采取质量战略；其余三类模式的质量战略则保持一致。随着消费者价格敏感度系数提升，供应链同时采取质量与低价策略的概率随之升高。上述研究结论可为智能汽车供应链跨组织合作模式下的研发与定价战略决策提供极具价值的参考依据。