Effect of treatment of beech seeds with copper nanoparticles on seed coat mycoflora <b> </b>

Seeds harbor a complex fungal community, of which some members may be pathogenic. For this reason seeds are often treated with fungicides before sowing. Plant protection is constantly looking for environmentally friendly technological solutions and nanotechnology can provide a solution that is green and an environmentally friendly alternative to fungicide treatment. The aim of this study was to conduct a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the composition of fungal communities inhabiting the seed coats of healthy and damaged European beech seeds, and to assess the effect of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) on the composition of these communities. The seeds were soaked in a solution of CuNPs at a concentration of 50 ppm, for 30 minutes. There were four groups of seeds: control - not treated with CuNPs, seeds examined 1 day (CuNP_1day) and 3 weeks after CuNPs (CuNP_3weeks) treatment and damaged seeds - not treated. Community analysis was conducted based on the ITS1 region using Illumina sequencing.种子栖息着复杂的真菌群落，其中部分类群可能具有致病性。正因如此，播种前通常会对种子施用杀菌剂进行处理。植物保护领域始终致力于探索环境友好型技术方案，而纳米技术可提供绿色环保的杀菌剂替代方案。本研究旨在对健康与受损欧洲山毛榉种子种皮的真菌群落组成开展定量与定性分析，并评估铜纳米颗粒（CuNPs）对该类群落组成的影响。将种子置于浓度为50 ppm的铜纳米颗粒溶液中浸泡30分钟。本次实验共设置四组种子：未经铜纳米颗粒处理的对照组、铜纳米颗粒处理后1天取样组（CuNP_1day）、处理后3周取样组（CuNP_3weeks），以及未处理的受损种子组。群落分析基于ITS1区域（ITS1 region），采用Illumina测序技术完成。