Phase II Archaeological Evaluation Site 44CE0431 Fort A.P. Hill, Caroline County, Virginia

The Fort A.P. Hill Cultural Resource Manager, under the Environmental Division of the Directorate of Public Works within Fort A.P. Hill, Virginia, has completed Phase II archaeological evaluation investigations at Site 44CE0431, Fort A.P. Hill, Caroline County, Virginia. Site 44CE0431 was originally identified during a Phase I survey conducted in association with the National Scout Jamboree.

The objective of the archaeological evaluation of Site 44CE0431 was to determine (1) the site’s subsurface integrity and (2) if the site is eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places. The investigations included (1) pedestrian surface survey and (2) the excavation of three 1x1-meter (3.3x3.3 foot) test units. The fieldwork resulted in the recovery of 700 artifacts from three test units. No intact cultural features or intact cultural deposits were identified.

Site 44CE0431 represents an early twentieth-century farmstead occupation with remnant late nineteenth-century components, and with later military disturbances. Soil profiles encountered during the archaeological evaluation indicate that the site has been extensively disturbed, with the majority of artifacts having been recovered from redeposited soils. No intact cultural features or intact cultural deposits were identified at the site. All of the former structures at the site were demolished during military training activities beginning in the 1940s, and all surface and subsurface cultural features have been extensively disturbed by military activities. Subsequently, Site 44CE0431 is recommended as not eligible for inclusion in the National Register under Criterion D. Based on historical research and information provided by descendants of the former landowner, the site is also recommended as not eligible under Criteria A, B, and C.

This report includes appendices of deed book pages and the artifact inventory.

弗吉尼亚州卡罗琳县A.P.希尔堡（Fort A.P. Hill）公共工程局环境分部下辖的文化资源管理员，已完成该堡内44CE0431遗址的第二期考古评估调查。44CE0431遗址最初是在配合全国童子军大露营开展的第一期考古调查中被识别发现的。

本次44CE0431遗址考古评估的目标为：(1) 探明该遗址的地下遗存完整性；(2) 确认该遗址是否符合列入《国家史迹名录（National Register of Historic Places）》的资格。本次调查工作包括(1) 步行地表勘查，以及(2) 开挖3个1×1米（合3.3×3.3英尺）的考古探方。野外作业期间，共从3个探方中清理出土700件人工制品，未发现完整文化遗迹或原生文化堆积层。

44CE0431遗址代表了20世纪早期的农庄定居遗存，包含19世纪晚期的残留文化组分，并受到后期军事活动的扰动。考古评估过程中揭露的土壤剖面显示，该遗址已遭受严重扰动，绝大多数人工制品均出土于再沉积土壤中。本次调查仍未在该遗址内发现完整文化遗迹或原生文化堆积。该遗址内的原有建筑均在1940年代启动的军事训练活动中被悉数拆除，所有地表与地下文化遗迹均因军事活动遭到严重扰动。据此，根据《国家史迹名录》D款评定标准，本报告建议44CE0431遗址不具备列入名录的资格。结合历史研究成果与原土地所有者后人提供的相关信息，本报告同时建议该遗址不符合A、B、C三项评定标准的列入要求。

本报告包含契约簿页面与人工制品清单的附录。