Histone crotonylation promotes endoderm differentiation. [scRNA-Seq]

In this study we report that histone crotonylation promotes human embryonic stem cell differentiation to endoderm cells. Addition of crotonate, a precursor for crotonyl-CoA and therefore histone crotonylation, dramatically enhanced endoderm cell differentiation from human embryonic stem cells, while incubation of acetate, a precursor of acetyl-CoA and therefore histone acetylation, did not change the efficiency of endoderm differentiation. Human embryonic stem cells, endoderm cells induced for 3 days, endoderm cells induced with crotonate for 3 days, endoderm cells induced with acetate for 3 days, were processed for single-cell sequencing.