Harnessing waterfleas for water reclamation: A nature-based tertiary wastewater treatment technology

Urbanisation, population growth, and climate change have put unprecedented pressure on water resources, leading to a global water crisis and the need for water reuse. However, water reuse is unsafe unless persistent chemical pollutants are removed from reclaimed water.. State-of-the-art technologies for the reduction of persistent chemical pollutants in wastewater typically involves high operational and energy costs and potentially generates toxic by-products (e.g., bromate from ozonation). Nature-base solutions are preferred to these technologies for their lower environmental impact. However, so far, bio-based tertiary wastewater treatments have been inefficient for industrial-scale applications. Moreover, they often demand significant financial investment and large infrastructure, undermining sustainability objectives. Here, we present a scalable, low-cost, low-carbon, and retrofittable nature-inspired solution that could be retrofitted into current wastewater treatment systems to rem..., A total of 216 exposures were completed to quantify the removal efficiency of four classes of chemicals-an industrial chemical (PFOS: 70ng/L; CAS:2795-39-3), a biocide (atrazine:0.2 mg/L; CAS:1912-24-9), a pharmaceutical (diclofenac: 2 mg/L; (CAS:15307-79-6) and a heavy metal (arsenic 1 mg/L; CAS: 7784-46-5), by four genotypes of Daphnia manga: DM1900; DM1960; DM1980; and DM2015. Following an acclimation phase, the removal efficiency of the four genotypes was quantified following exposure to individual chemicals and chemical mixtures from wastewater. the removal efficiency was quantified for PFOS, diclofenac and atrazine over three days with ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Arsenic samples were quantified using a Nexion 300X inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) (PerkinElmer, Seer Green, U.K) fitted with a cyclonic spray chamber. The removal efficiency of the chemicals was calculated as [starting concentration ..., Excel, & RStudio., # Harnessing waterfleas for water reclamation: a nature-based tertiary wastewater treatment technology

## Description of the data and file structure

Abdullahi_Recovery_individual-Recovery of individual chemicals. Recovery of PFOS, diclofenac, atrazine and arsenic in the exposures of the four genotypes of Daphnia magna used in this study (Genotype ID) to individual chemicals. The two technical replicates (replicate) and the day of the experiment (Day; the experiments were conducted over 3 days) are shown. Control refers to the chemical control run alongside the exposures.

Abdullahi_Removal Efficiency- Removal efficiency of individual chemicals. Removal efficiency of four individual chemicals (PFOS, diclofenac, atrazine and arsenic) quantified in spiked borehole water in laboratory-controlled conditions. Genotype ID (DM1900; DM1960; DM1980; and DM2015); replicate (rep); day of exposure (day); concentration of the chemical without Daphnia (Initial Concentration; IC this is the chemical...

城市化、人口增长与气候变化给水资源带来了前所未有的压力，引发全球性水资源危机，水回用由此成为刚需。然而，若不从再生水中彻底去除持久性化学污染物，水回用将无法保障安全。当前用于削减废水中持久性化学污染物的主流技术，通常存在运行与能源成本高昂的问题，且可能生成有毒副产物（例如臭氧化过程中产生的溴酸盐）。基于自然的解决方案（Nature-based solutions）因环境影响更低，相较上述技术更具优势，但截至目前，生物法三级废水处理在工业规模应用中效率低下，且往往需要巨额资金投入与大型基础设施，违背可持续发展目标。本研究提出一种可扩展、低成本、低碳且可改造的仿生解决方案，可适配现有废水处理系统以实现……

本研究共完成216组暴露实验，以定量评估四类化学污染物的去除效率：分别为工业化学品全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS，70ng/L；CAS号：2795-39-3）、杀菌剂莠去津（atrazine，0.2mg/L；CAS号：1912-24-9）、药物双氯芬酸（diclofenac，2mg/L；CAS号：15307-79-6）以及重金属砷（arsenic，1mg/L；CAS号：7784-46-5），受试生物为四种品系的大型溞（Daphnia magna）：DM1900、DM1960、DM1980与DM2015。经过驯化阶段后，通过单独暴露于单种化学品与暴露于废水混合污染物两种方式，量化四种品系的污染物去除效率。采用超高效液相色谱-高分辨质谱联用技术（UPLC），在三天内对PFOS、双氯芬酸与莠去津的去除效率进行定量分析；砷含量则通过配备旋风喷雾室的Nexion 300X型电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS，珀金埃尔默公司，英国西尔格林）完成检测。污染物去除效率计算公式为[初始浓度……]。实验数据处理采用Excel与RStudio软件。

# 利用水蚤实现水体再生：一种基于自然的三级废水处理技术

## 数据与文件结构说明
### Abdullahi_Recovery_individual——单种化学品回收率数据集
本数据集包含本研究中四种品系大型溞（以基因型ID标识）单独暴露于单种化学品时，PFOS、双氯芬酸、莠去津与砷的回收率情况。数据包含两组技术重复（replicate）以及实验天数（Day，实验共开展3天）。对照组（Control）指与暴露实验同步进行的空白化学对照。

### Abdullahi_Removal Efficiency——单种化学品去除效率数据集
本数据集用于量化实验室可控条件下，加标钻孔水中四种单种化学品（PFOS、双氯芬酸、莠去津与砷）的去除效率。数据字段包括：基因型ID（DM1900、DM1960、DM1980、DM2015）、重复组（rep）、暴露天数（day）、无大型溞时的化学品初始浓度（Initial Concentration，IC，即……）