Exploratory factor analysesa.

BackgroundFamily and domestic violence, encompassing diverse behaviours including physical, sexual, emotional and financial abuse, is endemic worldwide and has multiple adverse health and social consequences. Principal drivers include traditional gender values that disempower women. Changing these is a key prevention strategy. In Australia, high-quality national surveys provide data on public perspectives concerning family and domestic violence but may not capture community-level diversity. As part of a project for primary prevention family and domestic violence in outer regional Australia, our aims were to develop and administer a questionnaire-based survey suitable for the local community encompassing knowledge about, attitudes towards, and personal experiences of family and domestic violence, to describe and to investigate the theoretical (factor) structure and local socio-demographic predictors of responses, and to determine the extent to which the survey findings are locally distinctive.MethodsThe online community survey for local residents (≥15 years), comprised items on respondents’ sociodemographic characteristics plus questions abridged from pre-existing national instruments on knowledge about, attitudes towards, and personal experiences of family and domestic violence. Responses were rake-weighted to correct census-ascertained sample imbalance and investigated using exploratory factor analysis, with sociodemographic predictors determined using multiple linear regression and dominance analysis.ResultsAmong 914 respondents, males (27.0%), those from age-group extremes, and less-educated persons were underrepresented. Familiarity with diverse family and domestic violence behaviours was high among all subgroups. Poorer knowledge of the FDV behaviour continuum and attitudes supporting traditional gender roles and FDV were disproportionately evident among males, older respondents and those with lower education levels. Both the factor structure of extracted composite measures reflecting community perspectives and sociodemographic predictors of responses generally aligned with patterns evident in national data.ConclusionsLocal reinforcement of existing nationwide findings on community understanding of and attitudes towards family and domestic violence provides salience for targeted interventions.背景 家庭与亲密伴侣暴力（Family and domestic violence, FDV）涵盖躯体虐待、性虐待、情感虐待与经济虐待等多种行为类型，在全球范围内均呈高发流行态势，且可引发诸多不良健康与社会后果。其核心驱动因素之一是剥夺女性话语权与权力的传统性别观念，扭转此类观念是该类暴力预防的关键策略。在澳大利亚，高质量全国性调查已积累了公众对家庭与亲密伴侣暴力的看法相关数据，但此类调查或难以覆盖社区层面的多元异质性。作为澳大利亚远郊地区家庭与亲密伴侣暴力一级预防项目的组成部分，本研究旨在开发并实施一项适配本地社区的问卷式调查，内容涵盖家庭与亲密伴侣暴力相关知识、态度及个人经历；同时旨在描述并探究问卷作答的理论（因子）结构、本地社会人口学特征对作答的预测效应，并明确本次调查结果的本地独特性程度。 方法 本研究针对本地15岁及以上居民开展线上社区调查，问卷内容包含受访者的社会人口学特征条目，以及改编自现有全国性调查工具的家庭与亲密伴侣暴力相关知识、态度及个人经历类问题。对回收的作答数据采用耙式加权法（rake weighting）进行校正，以弥补普查确定的样本失衡问题；随后通过探索性因子分析对数据进行探究，并借助多重线性回归与优势分析明确社会人口学特征的预测效应。 结果 本次调查共回收有效作答914份，其中男性占比27.0%，极端年龄组人群及受教育程度较低者的样本占比偏低。各亚组人群对各类家庭与亲密伴侣暴力行为的知晓度均较高。男性、年长受访者及低学历人群中，对家庭与亲密伴侣暴力行为连续体的认知水平不足，且更易持有支持传统性别角色及认可此类暴力的态度，该类差异尤为显著。反映社区认知与态度的提取复合量表的因子结构，以及作答情况的社会人口学预测因子，整体上与全国性调查数据中呈现的模式相符。 结论 在本地落地现有全国性调查中关于社区对家庭与亲密伴侣暴力的认知及态度的研究结论，可为针对性干预措施提供重要支撑。