Data from: Plantation management to restore early and late-successional bird habitat under various climatic and seasonal conditions

We quantified effects of stand age and the broadleaved tree proportion of conifer plantations to support early successional and broadleaved forest bird species, asked whether plantations support them comparably to natural forests, and how much these effects depend on regional or seasonal climates across Hokkaido (784 million ha), northern Japan. In this dataset, all data and codes for analyses are included.Description of the Data and file structureType: Forest type (Todo fir or Japanese larch plantation)<br>Age: Stand age<br>Temp_S: Regional temperature during the breeding season, calculated using Mesh Climate Value 2010 data provided by the Japan Meteorological Agency<br>Temp_W: Regional temperature during the wintering season, calculated using Mesh Climate Value 2010 data provided by the Japan Meteorological Agency<br>Snow_Deepest: Maximum snow depth, calculated using Mesh Climate Value 2010 data provided by the Japan Meteorological Agency<br>Snow: Averaged snow depth (cm) at six points set at equal intervals along each transect line during each winter survey<br>Broad_rate: Averaged proportion of broadleaved trees (%) at six points set at equal intervals along each transect line<br>Broad_canopy: Proportion of broadleaved trees (%) within each 3-ha plot, measured by free satellite images<br>Image_day: Date the satellite images were taken<br>Conifer_AB: Total abundance of conifer forest bird species<br>Conifer_SR: Species richness of conifer forest bird species<br>Broad_AB: Total abundance of broadleaved forest bird species<br>Broad_SR: Species richness of broadleaved forest bird species<br>Early_AB: Total abundance of early successional bird species<br>Early_SR: Species richness of conifer early successional bird species<br>Uguisu: Abundance of Japanese Bush Warbler (<i>Horornis diphone</i>)<br>Aoji: Abundance of Black-faced Bunting (<i>Emberiza spodocephala</i>)<br>species_AB: Abundance of each bird speciesD_Breed_survey_ CSV files were used for analyses under R (Analysis_Breeding.R).<br>D_Winter_survey_ CSV files were used for analyses under R (Analysis_Wintering.R).Sharing/access InformationClimate covariates were calculated using 30 years (1981-2010) of contiguous nationwide 1-km^2 gridded data from the Mesh Climate Value 2010 database provided by the Japan Meteorological Agency: https://nlftp.mlit.go.jp/ksj/gml/datalist/KsjTmplt-G02.html(opens in new window) [in Japanese]Stand covariates were obtained from the Hokkaido Government Opendata CC-BY4.0 database:<br>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ja