Plant physiological and biochemical responses to nickel–cobalt–manganese (NCM) exposure under non-acidified and acidified conditions

This dataset comprises raw and processed data obtained from controlled plant bioassays designed to evaluate the phytotoxic effects of nickel–cobalt–manganese (NCM) mixed-metal exposure during early crop development. Experiments were conducted using four widely cultivated crop species: maize (Zea mays), wheat (Triticum aestivum), canola (Brassica napus), and Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis). Plants were subjected to two experimental regimes: (i) a non-acidified NCM concentration gradient (0–500 mg·L⁻¹) and (ii) an acidified scenario simulating battery-derived acidic leachates, including an acid control and combined NCM–acid treatments (200–1000 mg·L⁻¹). The dataset includes measurements of germination percentage, germination index, seedling vigor index, shoot and root length, root-to-shoot ratio, tolerance indices, fresh and dry biomass, and photosynthetic pigment contents (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids). Oxidative stress indicators and antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase), quantified under non-acidified conditions, are also included. All measurements were obtained from replicated experiments (n = 3) following standardized physiological and biochemical protocols. The dataset provides raw replicate values as well as processed summary statistics (mean ± standard error) and statistical outputs used for data analysis and figure preparation in the associated manuscript. These data support the assessment of concentration-dependent, chemically mediated, and species-specific plant responses to battery-derived NCM contamination, with particular emphasis on post-germination performance and root-related sensitivity.本数据集包含来自受控植物生物测定的原始与处理后数据，该测定旨在评估镍-钴-锰（nickel–cobalt–manganese，NCM）混合金属暴露在作物早期发育阶段对植物的植物毒性效应。实验选用四种广泛种植的作物物种：玉米（Zea mays）、小麦（Triticum aestivum）、油菜（Brassica napus）以及大白菜（Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis）。 供试植物设置两种实验处理体系：(i) 非酸化NCM浓度梯度组（0~500 mg·L⁻¹）；(ii) 模拟电池来源酸性渗滤液的酸化处理组，包含酸对照组与NCM-酸复合处理组（200~1000 mg·L⁻¹）。 本数据集涵盖以下测定指标：发芽率、发芽指数、幼苗活力指数、地上部与根系长度、根冠比、耐性指数、鲜重与干重生物量，以及光合色素含量（叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素与类胡萝卜素）。此外，数据集还包含非酸化条件下测定的氧化应激指标与抗氧化酶活性数据，其中抗氧化酶包括超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶与过氧化氢酶。 所有测定数据均来自重复三次（n=3）的标准化生理生化实验。本数据集既提供原始重复测定值，也包含处理后的汇总统计数据（平均值±标准误），以及用于相关研究论文数据分析与图表制作的统计分析结果。本数据集可用于评估作物对电池来源NCM污染的浓度依赖性、化学介导及物种特异性响应，重点关注发芽后生长表现与根系相关的敏感性。